ATI LPN
ATI PN Adult Medical Surgical 2020 with NGN II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia with dyspnea. The client's ABG results are pH 7.30, PaCO2 50 mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L. The nurse should recognize that the client has which of the following acid-base imbalances?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The ABG results show a low pH (7.30) and high PaCO2 (50 mm Hg), indicating respiratory acidosis, which aligns with impaired gas exchange and CO2 retention due to pneumonia.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing laboratory values of a client who has severe dyspnea. Which of the following laboratory values indicates heart failure?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: An elevated brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level (275 pg/mL) indicates heart failure, as BNP is released by the heart under stress from increased pressure or volume overload, unlike normal electrolyte levels.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has heart failure. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Allowing frequent rest periods helps manage fatigue and prevent overexertion in clients with heart failure, who often have reduced cardiac output and exercise tolerance.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is performing tracheostomy care for a client who has a chronic tracheostomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Allowing space for one finger under the tube ties ensures they are secure but not too tight, preventing skin breakdown or impaired circulation while maintaining tube stability.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who wants to lose 0.9 kg (2 lb) of body fat per week. The nurse knows that 0.45 kg (1 lb) of body fat is equal to 3,500 calories. The nurse should instruct the client to reduce his daily caloric intake by how many calories?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To lose 2 lb per week, a 7,000-calorie deficit is needed (3,500 x 2). Dividing by 7 days gives a daily reduction of 1,000 calories, which is a safe and effective approach.