ATI LPN
ATI LPN LEVEL 3 Med Surg Resp Test Questions
Extract:
Nurses' Notes
Client presents to emergency department with report of shortness of breath for 2 days, with headache, chills, fever, sore throat, and cough. States went to a music concert recently "and probably picked up some kind of virus."
Oriented to person, place, and time. Appears lethargic, difficulty answering questioning due to shortness of breath. Follows simple commands, moves all extremities with weakness.
Client's face is flushed, sinus tachycardia, rate of 109/min. S1 and S2 heart sounds heard on auscultation. Pulses palpable.
Breath sounds with crackles to right lower lobe, tachypnea. rate of 28/min. Frequent productive cough with thick rusty sputum. Client denies hemoptysis. Unable to lie down, states "more comfortable to sit up."
Bowel sounds active x 4 quadrants. Denies diarrhea, last bowel movement yesterday. States "no appetite since I've been sick."
Reports decreased urination over past 24 hr. "Haven't been drinking as much water as I should because my throat hurts."
Client reports they have not had a pneumococcal vaccine and do not get annual influenza vaccinations. States "I just hate needles.
Vital Signs
1200:
Temperature 38.6° C (101.5° F)
Heart rate 109/min
Respiratory rate 28/min
Blood pressure 106/54 mm Hg
Oxygen saturation 94% on room air
Medical History
1215:
70 years of age
No significant medical history other than primary concern
Well-nourished
Home Medications
Daily multivitamin
Vitamin D
Social History
Lives alone partner died 5 years ago
Drinks 1 to 2 glasses of red wine daily
Has never smoked
Walks 2 to 3 miles 6 days/week
Diagnostic Results
1230
Chest x-ray: Areas of increased density and white infiltrates to lower right lobe indicative of pneumonia
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has pneumonia. Select the 4 findings in the client's medical record that places them at risk for pneumonia.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,G
Rationale: A. Age: The client is 70 years old, which places them at a higher risk for pneumonia due to a weakened immune system. B. Fluid intake: Decreased fluid intake can lead to thicker respiratory secretions, increasing pneumonia risk. C. Influenza vaccine: Not receiving an influenza vaccine increases the risk of influenza-related pneumonia. G. Pneumococcal vaccine: Lack of pneumococcal vaccination increases the risk of pneumococcal pneumonia.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for nebulizer treatments. Which of the following client statements indicates to the nurse a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Keeping medication in the nebulizer at all times can lead to contamination or improper dosing; medication should be added only before each treatment.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data on a client who has respiratory alkalosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hyperventilation is a hallmark of respiratory alkalosis, as excessive exhalation of carbon dioxide lowers blood CO2 levels, increasing pH.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following a tracheostomy, and has copious and tenacious secretions. Which of the following is an acceptable method for the nurse to use to thin this client's secretions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Humidified oxygen moistens secretions, making them easier to suction, which is critical for tracheostomy care.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an acute asthma attack. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Albuterol, a short-acting beta-agonist, is the first-line treatment for acute asthma attacks, rapidly relieving bronchoconstriction.