ATI LPN
PN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions
Extract:
47
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has deep-vein thrombosis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Measuring the calf monitors for swelling (worsening DVT); massage and cold can dislodge clots, and reverse Trendelenburg isn't specific.
Extract:
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the results of a client's fecal occult blood screening test. Which of the following findings from the client's history should the nurse identify as potentially causing a false-positive result?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fecal occult blood tests detect hidden blood in stool, often for colorectal cancer screening, but false positives can skew results. Ibuprofen, an NSAID, irritates the gastric mucosa, causing microbleeding that may appear in stool, unrelated to colonic sources. Citrus juice doesn't affect heme detection vitamin C may cause false negatives, not positives, and 3 days prior minimizes impact. A hemorrhoidectomy 1 year ago is healed, unlikely to bleed now unless complications persist, which isn't suggested. Breast cancer history doesn't influence gastrointestinal bleeding unless metastatic, an unlikely scenario here. Ibuprofen's known GI side effects align with testing guidelines (e.g., avoiding NSAIDs pre-test), making it the most likely false-positive trigger, requiring the nurse to clarify timing and adjust interpretation.
Extract:
Vital Signs
Day 1:
• Temperature 36°C (96.8°F)
• Blood pressure 140/80 mm Hg
• Heart rate 98/min
• Respiratory rate 24/min
• Oxygen saturation 97% on room air
Day 2, 0800:
• Temperature 37°C (98.6°F)
• Blood pressure 122/60 mm Hg
• Heart rate 85/min
• Respiratory rate 18/min
• Oxygen saturation 98% on room air
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assisting in the plan of care for the client who has compartment syndrome. Which potential prescription is anticipated?
| Potential Prescription | Anticipated | Contraindicated |
|---|---|---|
| Open the splint | ||
| Obtain a urinalysis | ||
| Place the client on NPO status | ||
| Place the client's right leg in a dependent position |
Correct Answer: A, D
Rationale: Compartment syndrome requires relieving pressure to restore perfusion. Opening the splint (or cast) reduces external compression, an anticipated step pre-fasciotomy if tightness contributes to ischemia, per orthopedic protocols. Urinalysis checks for myoglobinuria from muscle breakdown, a diagnostic aid, but not immediate relief. NPO status prepares for surgery, a later consideration after pressure relief. A dependent leg position increases venous pooling, worsening swelling and pressure contraindicated here. Opening the splint directly addresses the mechanical cause, buying time for surgical evaluation, aligning with emergency management (e.g., AAOS guidelines), making it the expected prescription to prioritize limb viability.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). The client asks the nurse why she needs to take four different antituberculotic medications. Which of the following replies should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Multiple medications prevent resistance in TB treatment, as Mycobacterium tuberculosis can quickly adapt to a single drug, necessitating a combination regimen.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from an older adult client who has cystitis. Which of the following findings should the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Confusion is common in older adults with cystitis due to altered mental status from infection.