ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has cystic fibrosis. The client is taking pancrelipase and has a new onset of steatorrhea. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "You should take this medication with food." Pancrelipase is an enzyme replacement therapy used in cystic fibrosis to aid in digestion. Taking it with food ensures that the enzymes can properly mix with the food in the stomach, helping to break down fats. This can prevent steatorrhea, which is the passage of fat in the stool. Option A is incorrect because steatorrhea is not an adverse reaction but a sign of inadequate enzyme action. Option B is incorrect as increasing fat intake would worsen steatorrhea. Option C is incorrect as pancrelipase is usually swallowed whole, not chewed.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with the parents of a 1-year-old client following the administration of the measles, mumps, and rubella virus vaccine (MMR). Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the parents to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Shortness of breath. Shortness of breath is a serious adverse effect that could indicate an allergic reaction or anaphylaxis to the MMR vaccine. This requires immediate medical attention to prevent further complications. Glandular swelling around the jaw (choice
A) could be a common side effect of the vaccine but is not as urgent as shortness of breath. Redness around the injection site (choice
B) is a common and expected side effect. A temperature of 37.3°C (99.2°F) (choice
C) is a mild fever and is a common reaction to the vaccine. However, shortness of breath is a more critical symptom that necessitates immediate reporting to the healthcare provider.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for alendronate. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I will take this medication right before I go to bed." Alendronate should be taken on an empty stomach in the morning with a full glass of water, then the patient should remain upright for at least 30 minutes after taking it to prevent esophageal irritation and optimize absorption. Taking it before bed increases the risk of esophageal issues.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because drinking orange juice, remaining seated for 30 minutes, and taking the medication just once a month do not align with the correct administration instructions for alendronate.
Extract:
History and Physical 2 weeks ago: Client is in the office for evaluation of acne vulgaris. Past medical history significant for worsening acne vulgaris, unresponsive to previous treatments. Client has been taking a combined oral contraceptive as directed for the past year. Comedones and cystic lesions on face, chest, and back. Acne scarring present on cheeks bilaterally and upper back. Liver function tests (LFTs), fasting lipid panel, serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hG) ordered today. Plan to follow up In 2 weeks for review of laboratory results and medication initiation.
Question 4 of 5
Select the 2 educational topics the nurse should prioritize when reinforcing education to the client about the prescribed medication.
Correct Answer: B, D
Rationale: The correct answers are B and D. The nurse should prioritize educating the client on using two forms of birth control to prevent pregnancy while on the medication, ensuring safety. Understanding manifestations of depression is crucial as the medication may have side effects impacting mental health.
Choices A, C, and E are not directly related to the prescribed medication and are less urgent for client safety.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who will be self-administering enoxaparin subcutaneously using prefilled syringes. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I will pinch up the skin before injecting the medication." This is the correct statement because pinching up the skin before injecting enoxaparin helps ensure proper subcutaneous administration and prevents injecting the medication into muscle. Pinching the skin creates a subcutaneous tissue fold, making it easier to deliver the medication into the fatty layer beneath the skin, where it is intended to be absorbed. This technique helps reduce the risk of bruising or injury at the injection site and ensures the medication is absorbed properly.
A: Using upper arms for injections is incorrect as enoxaparin should be injected in the abdomen or thigh.
B: Massaging the site after injecting the medication can increase the risk of bleeding or bruising.
C: Expelling air bubbles is important for some injections but not typically necessary for prefilled enoxaparin syringes.