ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic hypertension. The client's morning vital signs include BP 140/80 mm Hg, heart rate 54/min, and respiratory rate 18/min. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to withhold?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Atenolol. Atenolol is a beta-blocker that can further lower the heart rate, potentially causing bradycardia in a client with a heart rate of 54/min, which is already on the lower side. Withholding Atenolol in this case is important to prevent excessive bradycardia.
Choice A: Lisinopril is an ACE inhibitor used to treat hypertension, and it would not be necessary to withhold it based on the vital signs provided.
Choice B: Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that helps lower blood pressure by reducing fluid volume. This medication is not contraindicated based on the client's vital signs.
Choice C: Aspirin is not typically withheld based on the client's vital signs unless there are specific contraindications present.
In summary, the nurse should withhold Atenolol due to the potential for further lowering the heart rate in a
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a client who received naloxone to counteract the effects of an opioid overdose. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased respiratory rate. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that reverses the respiratory depression caused by opioids. When it is effective, the respiratory rate of the client should increase as a result of improved breathing. This indicates that the naloxone has successfully counteracted the opioid overdose.
Incorrect
Choices:
B: Increased temperature - Naloxone does not affect body temperature, so this is not a reliable indicator of its effectiveness.
C: Report of decreased pain - Naloxone does not directly impact pain perception, so a decrease in pain does not necessarily indicate its effectiveness.
D: Decreased blood pressure - Naloxone primarily targets respiratory depression, not blood pressure regulation, so a decrease in blood pressure is not a specific indicator of its effectiveness.
Extract:
Nurses Notes
2 days ago:
Client presented to the emergency department with reports of chest pain after shoveling snow. Cardiac work-up was normal. Client diagnosed with angina related to physical activity and told to follow up with their primary care provider.
Today:
Client presents to the office for a follow-up with the provider for diagnosis of angina. Client reports experiencing angina again following a large meal yesterday. Provider prescribed nitroglycerin patch. Reinforced teaching with the client about their new prescription.
Question 3 of 5
Nurses Notes 2 days ago: Client presented to the emergency department with reports of chest pain after shoveling snow. Cardiac work-up was normal. Client diagnosed with angina related to physical activity and told to follow up with their primary care provider. Today: Client presents to the office for a follow-up with the provider for diagnosis of angina. Client reports experiencing angina again following a large meal yesterday. Provider prescribed nitroglycerin patch. Reinforced teaching with the client about their new prescription. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include when reinforcing teaching to the client about their medication? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: A: Removing the patch if a headache occurs is important as it may indicate hypotension, a common side effect of nitroglycerin.
B: Lying down with feet elevated helps prevent dizziness, another common side effect of nitroglycerin.
C: Understanding that the medication takes 30-45 min to be effective ensures the client knows when to expect relief.
D: Applying the patch daily to a hairless area ensures proper absorption of the medication.
E: Removing the patch 12-14 hr after application prevents tolerance from developing.
Incorrect
Choices:
F: Placing the patch on the same area daily can lead to skin irritation or tolerance.
G: No additional instructions are required beyond A-E.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer vaccines to an 11-year-old child who is up to date on immunizations. Which of the following vaccines should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine. At 11 years old, the CDC recommends HPV vaccination for all children. HPV vaccine is crucial for preventing HPV-related cancers and diseases. Hepatitis B (choice
A) is usually given at birth, Rotavirus (choice
B) is typically administered in infancy, and Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (choice
C) is given earlier in childhood. The Quadrivalent HPV vaccine (choice
D) is the appropriate vaccine for an 11-year-old child who is up to date on immunizations.
Extract:
Nurses Notes
0800-
Client reports frequent cough, wheezing, and tightness of chest. Bilateral breath sounds with scattered inspiratory and expiratory wheezes
1000
Reinforced teaching about newly prescribed medications
Question 5 of 5
Nurses Notes 0800- Client reports frequent cough, wheezing, and tightness of chest. Bilateral breath sounds with scattered inspiratory and expiratory wheezes 1000 Reinforced teaching about newly prescribed medications Exhibits Click to highlight the instructions the nurse should reinforce to the client.
Correct Answer: A,D,E
Rationale: The correct answers are A, D, and E. A instructs the client to take albuterol when experiencing difficulty breathing, addressing immediate symptom relief. D emphasizes the importance of taking salmeterol twice daily for maintenance therapy. E reminds the client to rinse their mouth after taking fluticasone to prevent oral thrush, a common side effect.
Choices B, C, and F are incorrect. B's instruction to hold breath for 20 seconds is unnecessary and not standard practice. C's guidance on timing salmeterol and albuterol is inaccurate and could lead to incorrect dosing. F's advice to take fluticasone as needed for asthma attacks is incorrect as it is a maintenance medication, not a rescue inhaler.