ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology 2023 retake 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has cellulitis and is to begin antibiotic therapy. The client has a history of anaphylactic reaction to penicillin. Which of the following medications is contraindicated for this client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cephalexin. Cephalexin is a first-generation cephalosporin antibiotic, which shares a similar beta-lactam ring structure with penicillin. Due to the client's history of anaphylactic reaction to penicillin, there is a high risk of cross-reactivity and potential severe allergic reaction if cephalexin is administered.
Therefore, it is contraindicated for this client.
Choice A: Fluconazole is an antifungal medication and does not have cross-reactivity with penicillin.
Choice B: Tetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic that is not related to penicillin.
Choice C: Acyclovir is an antiviral drug and is not contraindicated in a client with a penicillin allergy.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is taking prednisone and self-administers insulin daily. The nurse should identify that which of the following findings indicates a medication interaction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hyperglycemia. Prednisone can increase blood sugar levels, and insulin is used to lower blood sugar levels. If the client is experiencing hyperglycemia while taking both medications, it indicates a possible medication interaction. Orthostatic hypotension (
A) is not typically associated with this medication combination. Paresthesia (
C) and jaundice (
D) are not commonly related to prednisone and insulin interactions.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has tuberculosis and a prescription for rifampin. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I should take this medication on an empty stomach." Rifampin should be taken on an empty stomach to maximize absorption. Taking it with food can decrease its effectiveness.
Choice A is incorrect because rifampin treatment typically lasts several months, not just until one negative sputum culture.
Choices C and D are incorrect as they are not common side effects of rifampin. The client should be informed about potential side effects, such as gastrointestinal upset or discoloration of bodily fluids, but not ringing in the ears or joint pain.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client following the administration of a new medication. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of an allergic reaction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Urticaria. Urticaria, also known as hives, is a common manifestation of allergic reactions. It presents as raised, red, itchy welts on the skin. Jaundice (
A) is associated with liver dysfunction, not typically an allergic reaction. Bradycardia (
C) is a slow heart rate and not a common allergic reaction symptom. Hypertension (
D) is high blood pressure and is not typically associated with allergic reactions.
Therefore, based on the symptoms of an allergic reaction, urticaria is the most appropriate choice.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to insert a miconazole vaginal suppository for a client who has vulvovaginal candidiasis. Which of the following actions is appropriate for inserting this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Insert the suppository along the posterior wall of the vaginal canal. This is because the posterior wall of the vaginal canal allows for the suppository to be placed in the most effective location for absorption and treatment of the infection. Placing it along this wall ensures proper placement and maximum efficacy of the medication.
Choice A: Assisting the client to a left lateral position is not directly related to the correct technique for inserting the suppository.
Choice C: Applying petroleum jelly to the suppository is not necessary and may interfere with the medication's absorption.
Choice D: Putting on sterile gloves before handling the suppository is not required for this procedure as the suppository is meant to be inserted directly into the vaginal canal.