ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Exam 4 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a spinal cord injury at T-4. The nurse should recognize that the client is at risk for autonomic dysreflexia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse take to prevent autonomic dysreflexia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Preventing bladder distention by ensuring regular bladder emptying can help prevent autonomic dysreflexia, which is often triggered by noxious stimuli like bladder distention.
Question 2 of 5
A family of a client who has a medical history of stroke, hyperlipidemia, and peptic ulcer disease arrives at the memory care clinic with concerns about their loved one. The family states that the client has experienced worsening memory loss and forgetfulness over the last 6 months. The nurse is concerned the client is experiencing vascular dementia, due to which of the following factors?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vascular dementia is often caused by stroke due to reduced blood flow or damage to the blood vessels in the brain, leading to cognitive decline and memory loss.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about how to prevent the onset of manifestations of Raynaud's phenomenon. Which of the following statements should the nurse identify as an indication that the client needs further teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Keeping the house at a cool temperature can provoke Raynaud's symptoms; a warm environment is recommended.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who had a right-sided stroke and is exhibiting homonymous hemianopsia when eating. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Encouraging the client to look for food on the left side of the tray compensates for the visual field deficit caused by homonymous hemianopsia.
Extract:
Nurses Notes
Day 1:
Oriented to person, place, and time. Speech is slow. Unilateral resting tremors noted in right arm. Gait is slow and rigid.
6 months later:
Oriented to person and place, disoriented to date and time. Speech is slow and slurred. Bilateral resting tremors noted in extremities and generalized muscle stiffness. Facial rigidity and drooling noted. Gait is slow and client shuffles their feet when ambulating.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client. For each client finding, click to specify if the finding is consistent with Parkinson's disease, stroke, and/or multiple sclerosis. Each finding can support more than one disease process.
| Options | Parkinson's disease | Stroke | Multiple sclerosis |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ambulation pattern: Parkinson's disease | |||
| Muscle movements: Parkinson's disease | |||
| Speech: Parkinson's disease, Stroke, Multiple sclerosis | |||
| Orientation status: Parkinson's disease, Stroke, Multiple sclerosis | |||
| Facial rigidity: Parkinson's disease |
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,E
Rationale: 1. Ambulation Pattern: The slow and shuffling gait is characteristic of Parkinson's disease due to muscle rigidity and bradykinesia. 2. Muscle Movements: Unilateral resting tremors and generalized muscle stiffness are hallmark signs of Parkinson's disease. 3. Speech: Slow and slurred speech is common in Parkinson's disease, stroke (due to dysarthria), and multiple sclerosis (due to neurological involvement). 4. Orientation Status: Disorientation can occur in later stages of Parkinson's disease, stroke, and multiple sclerosis due to cognitive decline. 5. Facial Rigidity: Facial rigidity, or 'masked face,' is a classic symptom of Parkinson's disease.