ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for morphine 4 mg IM stat. The medication is dispensed in a 5 mg/mL prefilled syringe. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Discard the excess medication with a second nurse as a witness. The nurse should discard the excess medication in the presence of another nurse to ensure proper disposal and avoid any medication errors or potential harm to the patient. This action aligns with medication safety practices and helps prevent medication errors.
Choice A: Disposing of the excess medication in the sharps container is incorrect because it does not involve a witness for proper disposal and may not follow facility protocols.
Choice B: Giving the full contents of the prefilled syringe would result in administering more medication than prescribed, risking harm to the patient.
Choice D: Injecting the prescribed dose and saving the rest for later use is incorrect as it goes against safe medication practices and may lead to errors in dosing.
In summary, choice C is the correct action to ensure safe and appropriate disposal of excess medication, while the other choices may lead to potential errors and harm to the patient.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and a prescription for exenatide. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Inject the medication into the subcutaneous tissue of your abdomen. Exenatide is a medication that is administered through subcutaneous injection, typically into the abdomen. This is the correct route of administration to ensure proper absorption and effectiveness of the medication. Option A is incorrect as it is not directly related to the administration of exenatide. Option B is incorrect because exenatide is usually taken before meals, not at bedtime. Option C is incorrect as the disposal timeline for exenatide is typically shorter than 60 days.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an IM injection to a client who has gonorrhea. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use the Z-track technique to administer the medication. This technique helps prevent leakage of the medication into surrounding tissues by sealing the medication in the muscle. The Z-track method involves pulling the skin laterally before injecting the medication, then releasing the skin after the injection. This creates a zig-zag path that closes after the needle is withdrawn, reducing the risk of irritation or staining at the injection site.
Choice B is incorrect because the needle size for IM injections in adults is typically 22-25 gauge and 1-1.5 inches long.
Choice C is incorrect as IM injections should be administered at least 2.5 cm (1 inch) away from the umbilicus.
Choice D is incorrect because aspiration (pulling back on the plunger to check for blood return) is not recommended for IM injections due to the risk of tissue trauma.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a client who is receiving a transfusion of packed RBCs. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication of a febrile nonhemolytic reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chills. A febrile nonhemolytic reaction during a blood transfusion is characterized by the sudden onset of chills and fever, usually within the first 15 minutes to 2 hours of the transfusion. This reaction is caused by the recipient's antibodies reacting to donor leukocytes. Dyspnea (
A), urticaria (
B), and vomiting (
D) are more indicative of other transfusion reactions such as an allergic reaction, hemolytic reaction, or bacterial contamination, respectively.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is experiencing oxycodone toxicity. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sedation. Oxycodone is an opioid that depresses the central nervous system, leading to symptoms such as sedation or drowsiness. This is because opioids like oxycodone bind to opioid receptors in the brain, causing a calming effect. Tachycardia (
A) and dilated pupils (
C) are more commonly associated with stimulant toxicity rather than opioid toxicity. Tachypnea (
D) is not a typical finding in opioid toxicity as opioids tend to depress the respiratory system, causing respiratory depression instead.