ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology safety Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for digoxin 0.25 mg PO daily. The amount available is digoxin 0.125 mg/tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose? (Round to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
To calculate the number of tablets needed, divide the prescribed dose by the strength of each tablet. In this case, 0.25 mg ÷ 0.125 mg = 2 tablets. Rounding to the nearest whole number, the nurse should administer 2 tablets per dose. This ensures the client receives the correct dosage as prescribed.
Choice A is incorrect because administering only 1 tablet would provide half of the prescribed dosage.
Choice C is incorrect as administering 3 tablets would exceed the prescribed amount.
Choice D is incorrect as administering 4 tablets would also exceed the prescribed dosage.
Therefore, the correct answer is B.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client with bacterial conjunctivitis of the right eye, and a prescription for an antibiotic ophthalmic ointment. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "Apply the ointment in a thin line into the conjunctival sac." This is the correct statement because applying the ointment in a thin line into the conjunctival sac ensures proper delivery of the medication to the affected area. The conjunctival sac is the space between the eyelid and eyeball where the ointment can be absorbed effectively. Wiping from the outer to the inner canthus (choice
A) is not recommended as it can introduce contaminants into the eye. Using a sterile glove and applicator (choice
B) is unnecessary and can be cumbersome for the client. Keeping the eye open for 30 seconds after instilling the ointment (choice
D) may not be necessary and can lead to discomfort.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for digoxin 0.25 mg PO daily for heart failure. The client's current vital signs are: BP 144/96, heart rate 54/min, respirations 18/min, and temperature 37° C (98.6° F). Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Withhold the digoxin dose for decreased heart rate. Digoxin is a medication that can cause bradycardia as a side effect. The client's heart rate of 54/min is below the normal range, indicating bradycardia. Administering digoxin in this case can further decrease the heart rate and potentially lead to serious complications such as heart block. Withholding the dose allows the nurse to prevent exacerbating the bradycardia and avoid potential harm to the client.
Choice A is incorrect because the elevated BP is not a contraindication for administering digoxin.
Choices C and D are incorrect because administering the full dose or a reduced dose of digoxin without addressing the bradycardia can worsen the client's condition.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer diazepam 3 mg IM. The amount available is diazepam for injection 5 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
To calculate the amount of diazepam to administer, divide the desired dose by the concentration: 3 mg / 5 mg/mL = 0.6 mL.
Therefore, choice B (0.6) is correct.
Choice A (0.5) is too low; choice C (0.7) and choice D (0.8) are too high.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is calculating a client's fluid intake over the past 8 hr. The client had one 8-oz cup of coffee 3 oz of juice, and 12 oz of soda. The client's water pitcher had 800 mL and 200 mL remain. The client also had IV fluids infusing at 40 mL/hr via an IV pump. How many mL should the nurse document as the client's total intake for the shift?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1,610 mL.
To calculate the total intake, we need to add up all the sources of fluid intake: 8 oz coffee (240 mL), 3 oz juice (90 mL), 12 oz soda (360 mL), water pitcher (600 mL - 200 mL), and IV fluids (40 mL/hr x 8 hr = 320 mL).
Total intake = 240 + 90 + 360 + (600 - 200) + 320 = 1,610 mL.
Choice B is incorrect because it does not account for all the sources of fluid intake.
Choice C and D are incorrect because they overestimate the total intake.