ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for penicillin G. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse plan to monitor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Urticaria. Penicillin G can cause allergic reactions like urticaria (hives) due to hypersensitivity. The nurse should monitor for skin rashes, itching, and swelling. Insomnia (
A), constipation (
C), and nocturia (
D) are not commonly associated with penicillin G. Insomnia is more related to central nervous system stimulants, constipation is not a common side effect of penicillin, and nocturia is increased nighttime urination which is not typically caused by penicillin.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer acetaminophen 650 mg rectally. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Have the client lie on his left side for 5 min after insertion. This position promotes optimal absorption of the medication. When the client lies on the left side, gravity helps keep the suppository in place and allows it to dissolve and be absorbed more effectively through the rectal mucosa. This position also helps prevent the suppository from being expelled prematurely.
Choice A is incorrect because inserting the suppository 5 cm (2 in) is not necessary for proper administration.
Choice B is incorrect as lubricating the suppository is not essential for rectal administration.
Choice D is incorrect because warming the suppository is not required and may not be safe.
Choices E, F, and G are not provided, so they are not applicable in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an influenza immunization IM to an infant. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use a ½-Inch needle. For infants, a ½-inch needle is recommended for intramuscular (IM) injections to ensure proper administration of the vaccine into the muscle. Using a shorter needle decreases the risk of reaching the bone or causing tissue damage.
B: Using a 22-gauge needle is not specific to infants and may not be the most appropriate size for their smaller muscles.
C: The flushing technique is not relevant to the administration of the vaccine.
D: The deltoid muscle is not typically used as the injection site for infants; the vastus lateralis muscle is more commonly used due to its larger muscle mass and ease of access.
In summary, using a ½-inch needle is the correct choice for an infant receiving an IM influenza immunization to ensure safe and effective administration.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who reports muscle spasms after receiving haloperidol. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Benztropine. Benztropine is an anticholinergic medication commonly used to treat extrapyramidal symptoms such as muscle spasms caused by antipsychotic drugs like haloperidol. It works by blocking the action of acetylcholine in the brain, helping to alleviate muscle spasms. Metoprolol (
A) is a beta-blocker used for hypertension, not muscle spasms. Oxycodone (
C) is an opioid for pain relief, not muscle spasms. Risperidone (
D) is another antipsychotic but not typically used to treat muscle spasms.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has motion sickness and a new prescription for a transdermal patch of scopolamine. The nurse should instruct the client to monitor for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Drowsiness. Scopolamine is an anticholinergic medication commonly used to treat motion sickness. One of the common side effects of anticholinergics is drowsiness. This occurs due to the central nervous system depressant effects of the medication. Monitoring for drowsiness is important as it can impact the client's ability to drive or operate machinery safely.
A: Diarrhea is not a common side effect of scopolamine.
B: Bruising is not a common side effect of scopolamine.
C: Jaundice is not a common side effect of scopolamine.