ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for a nitroglycerin transdermal patch. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Rotate the application sites of the patch. This is important to prevent skin irritation and tolerance development. By rotating the sites, the nurse ensures consistent drug absorption and effectiveness.
Choice A is incorrect because removing the patch prior to bathing can disrupt drug delivery.
Choice B is incorrect as nitroglycerin typically causes hypotension, not hypertension.
Choice D is incorrect as nitroglycerin patches are usually left on for 12-14 hours and then replaced with a new patch.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has been taking diazepam several times per day but recently ran out of the medication. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a manifestation of withdrawal from diazepam?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tremors. Diazepam is a benzodiazepine used to treat anxiety and withdrawal symptoms. Withdrawal from diazepam can lead to physical symptoms such as tremors due to the sudden decrease in the drug's effects on the central nervous system. Tremors are a common manifestation of benzodiazepine withdrawal. Anorexia (choice
B) is not typically associated with diazepam withdrawal. Drowsiness (choice
C) is more likely a side effect of diazepam itself, not withdrawal. Hypotension (choice
D) is not a common withdrawal symptom of diazepam.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension and has been taking hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse evaluate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Serum electrolyte levels. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that can lead to electrolyte imbalances, such as hypokalemia and hyponatremia. Monitoring serum electrolyte levels is crucial to prevent complications like arrhythmias. Coagulation studies (
A) are not typically affected by hydrochlorothiazide. Thyroid levels (
B) are unrelated to this medication. Complete blood count (
C) is not directly impacted by hydrochlorothiazide. Thus, evaluating serum electrolyte levels is the most relevant and essential assessment in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a client who received naloxone to counteract the effects of an opioid overdose. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A: Increased respiratory rate
Rationale: Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that reverses the effects of opioids, including respiratory depression.
Therefore, an increased respiratory rate indicates that naloxone is effectively reversing the opioid overdose by restoring normal breathing patterns. Monitoring the respiratory rate is crucial in assessing the effectiveness of naloxone and ensuring the client's safety.
Incorrect
Choices:
B: Report of decreased pain - Naloxone does not directly affect pain perception.
C: Increased temperature - Naloxone does not typically cause changes in body temperature.
D: Decreased blood pressure - Naloxone may cause a transient increase in blood pressure due to its effects on the sympathetic nervous system, but this is not the primary indicator of its effectiveness.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin transdermal patches to treat angina. The nurse should inform the client that which of the following manifestations is an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Headache. Nitroglycerin transdermal patches can cause headaches as an adverse effect due to vasodilation leading to increased blood flow to the brain. This is a common side effect that may occur in patients using nitroglycerin. Polyuria (
B) and ringing in the ears (
C) are not common side effects of nitroglycerin. Increased blood pressure (
D) is not an adverse effect of nitroglycerin; in fact, nitroglycerin decreases blood pressure by dilating blood vessels.