PN Adult Medical Surgical 2023

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). The client asks the nurse why she needs to take four different antituberculotic medications. Which of the following replies should the nurse make?

A. The organism that causes TB becomes resistant to antituberculotic medications when you only take one medication.B. Taking several antituberculotic medications will protect your liver from toxic effects.C. People who have a severe form of TB need several antituberculotic medications, but those who have less severe TB need just one medication.D. Adverse effects occur more often and are more severe when you take only one antituberculotic medication.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Multiple medications prevent resistance in TB treatment, as Mycobacterium tuberculosis can quickly adapt to a single drug, necessitating a combination regimen.

Extract:

History and Physical
1000:
Client reports generalized weakness and increased fatigue over the past few months.
Client states they become short of breath after climbing a flight of stairs and are having difficulty keeping up with their grandchildren.
History of rheumatoid arthritis. Reports taking naproxen 500 mg twice a day.
Client reports they follow a vegan diet.
Denies pain or discomfort.
Bilateral breath sounds clear and present throughout.
Mucous membranes pale.
Apical pulse rapid, regular.

Question 2 of 5

Which of the following findings require follow-up? (Client with generalized weakness, vegan diet, pale mucous membranes)

A. Breath soundsB. Activity levelC. HematocritD. Blood pressureE. Pain levelF. TemperatureG. Oxygen saturation

Correct Answer: B,C

Rationale: Decreased activity level and low hematocrit (24%) suggest anemia, requiring follow-up; breath sounds are clear, and other findings are less urgent.

Extract:

Question 3 of 5

A nurse is caring for a client who has a distal radius fracture with a short arm cast applied. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A. Use a hair dryer to blow hot air into the cast to relieve itching.B. Perform neurovascular checks of the affected extremity every 2 hr.C. Position the fractured arm below the level of the client's heart.D. Immobilize the client's fingers using a hand splint.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Neurovascular checks every 2 hours assess circulation and nerve function, critical after cast application. Hot air can burn, elevation reduces swelling, and finger immobilization isn't standard unless specified.

Question 4 of 5

A nurse in a health clinic is collecting data from an older adult client. Which of the following information in the client's history increases her risk for osteoporosis?

A. The client is a gardener.B. The client is lactose intolerant.C. The client has a glass of red wine every eveningD. The client walks 3.2 km (2 mi) daily.E. The client smokes daily.F. The client has a family history of osteoporosis.G. The client takes corticosteroids long-term.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Lactose intolerance limits calcium intake, a key risk factor for osteoporosis; gardening and walking are protective, and moderate wine has minimal impact.

Question 5 of 5

A nurse is assisting with the development of the plan of care for a client who has a low WBC count. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?

A. Obtain the client's rectal temperature every 4 hr.B. Prohibit fresh flowers in the client's room.C. Encourage the client to eat a low-protein diet.D. Initiate airborne precautions for the client.E. Monitor daily CBC.F. Limit visitors.G. Use strict hand hygiene.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Fresh flowers can harbor bacteria, increasing infection risk in neutropenia; rectal temps risk injury, and airborne isn't needed.

PN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 | Nurselytic

Nurselytic

ATI LPN

ATI LPN