ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of schizophrenia. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Risperidone. Risperidone is an antipsychotic medication commonly used in the treatment of schizophrenia. It helps to manage symptoms such as hallucinations, delusions, and disorganized thinking. Levodopa (
A) is used in Parkinson's disease, Baclofen (
B) is a muscle relaxant, and Fenofibrate (
C) is used to lower cholesterol.
Therefore, they are not indicated for schizophrenia. Risperidone is the most appropriate choice for managing the symptoms of schizophrenia in this scenario.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is talking with a client who has been taking levothyroxine to treat hypothyroidism. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking which of the following over-the-counter medications within 4 hr of taking levothyroxine?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Calcium supplements. Calcium can interfere with the absorption of levothyroxine, reducing its effectiveness. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid taking calcium supplements within 4 hours of taking levothyroxine to ensure proper absorption.
A: Fish oil supplements do not interfere with levothyroxine absorption.
B: Bulk-forming laxatives do not interfere with levothyroxine absorption.
C: Oral antihistamines do not interfere with levothyroxine absorption.
Extract:
Vital Signs Day 1: Temperature 37.2° C (99° F), Blood pressure 124/56 mm Hg, Heart rate 66/min, Respiratory rate 16/min, Oxygen saturation 95% on room air; Day 2: Temperature 37.2° C (99° F), Heart rate 112/min, Respiratory rate 28/min, Blood pressure 148/86 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 90% on room air; Medication Administration Record: Albuterol 2 inhalations every 4 to 6 hr PRN wheezing, Bisacodyl 10 mg suppository daily PRN constipation, Prochlorperazine 10 mg PO 3 to 4 times per day PRN nausea, Morphine 4 mg IV bolus every 4 hr PRN severe pain, Acetaminophen 325 to 650 mg every 4 to 6 hr PRN pain or temperature greater than 38.4° C (101.1° F); Nurses' Notes Day 1: Bilateral breath sounds are clear and present throughout. Client reports pain as 2 on a scale of 0 to 10. Abdomen soft, nondistended, bowel sounds hypoactive. Client has a history of asthma. Day 2: Respirations rapid and shallow. Bilateral breath sounds with scattered wheezing. Client reports pain as 8 on a scale of 0 to 10. Client reports no nausea or constipation. Abdomen soft, nondistended, bowel sounds audible.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse should contribute to the plan of care by administering _______ and ______ to the client.
Correct Answer: B, C
Rationale: The correct answer is B (Albuterol) and C (Morphine). Albuterol is a bronchodilator used for treating respiratory conditions like asthma by opening up the airways. Morphine is an opioid analgesic for managing severe pain. The nurse's role includes administering these medications based on the client's needs and the healthcare provider's prescriptions. Prochlorperazine (
A) is an antiemetic for nausea and vomiting, not relevant here. Bisacodyl (
D) is a laxative for constipation, not related to the client's current care needs. Acetaminophen (E) is a pain reliever, but not as potent as morphine for severe pain.
Extract:
Vital Signs Day 1: Temperature 37.5° C (99.5° F), Heart rate 98/min, Respiratory rate 20/min, Blood pressure 180/86 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 95% on room air, Weight 90 kg (198 lb); 2 months later: Temperature 37.5° C (99.5° F), Heart rate 48/min, Respiratory rate 20/min, Blood pressure 140/76 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 97% on room air, Weight 91 kg (200 lb)
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is evaluating the client's response to the medication. The client's ___________ and ____________ indicate the client's condition is improving.
Correct Answer: B, E
Rationale: The correct answers are B (Heart rate) and E (Blood pressure) because they are vital signs that directly reflect the body's response to medication. An improving condition would typically show a decrease in heart rate and blood pressure due to the medication's effectiveness in stabilizing the body's functions. HDL level, potassium level, and weight are not direct indicators of the client's immediate response to medication and may change for various reasons unrelated to medication effectiveness.
Extract:
Provider Prescriptions: Tetracycline 500 mg PO twice daily; Vital Signs Initial visit: Temperature 37.1° C (98.8° F), Heart rate 82/min, Blood pressure 118/76 mm Hg, Respiratory rate 16/min, SpO2 99% on room air; Current visit: Temperature 37.5° C (99.5° F), Heart rate 84/min, Blood pressure 122/72 mm Hg, Respiratory rate 18/min, SpO2 99% on room air; History and Physical Initial visit: Client is a 20-year-old female who presents with report of worsening acne over the past few months. Severe inflammatory acne noted over face, neck, and upper back. Client has no significant medical or surgical history. Discussed skin hygiene and use of over-the-counter acne treatments. Current visit: Client reports no improvement in acne since prior visit 2 months ago. Client states they have been gently washing their skin twice daily and using acne treatments as recommended. Client states they are self-conscious and avoids certain social activities. No change in acne noted on assessment. Tetracycline prescribed. Will have the client return to the clinic in 4 weeks.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse should identify that the client is at risk for developing ________and _________
Correct Answer: B, E
Rationale: The correct answer is B and E. Gastridium difficile-associated diarrhea and Vaginal yeast infection are both conditions commonly seen in clients at risk of developing them due to factors such as recent antibiotic use, immunosuppression, or hormonal changes. Gastridium difficile-associated diarrhea is often a consequence of antibiotic therapy disrupting the normal gut flora, leading to overgrowth of C. difficile. Vaginal yeast infections can occur due to hormonal changes, antibiotic use, or compromised immune system. The other options, such as Increased cholesterol level, Elevated blood glucose level, and Gallstones, are not directly related to the given risk factors and client populations, making them incorrect choices.