ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who had abdominal surgery. The client is grimacing and has a respiratory rate of 24/min. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Check the client's current level of pain. The nurse should assess the client's pain first to determine the cause of grimacing and tachypnea. Pain after abdominal surgery can indicate complications like infection or inadequate pain management. Addressing pain is a priority to ensure the client's comfort and prevent further complications. Options A, B, and D do not address the underlying issue of pain and are therefore not the most appropriate actions. Offering a cold compress or playing music may provide temporary relief but do not address the root cause. Repositioning may help with comfort but should come after assessing and addressing the pain.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client who has a prescription for rifampin for the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Take the medication on an empty stomach. Rifampin is best absorbed when taken on an empty stomach, usually 1 hour before or 2 hours after meals. This maximizes its effectiveness in treating TB.
Choice B is incorrect because discoloration of body fluids (including saliva) is a known side effect of rifampin and does not indicate the need to discontinue the medication.
Choice C is incorrect because the client should not return for another TB skin test in 3 months unless specifically instructed by the healthcare provider.
Choice D is incorrect because treatment for TB usually lasts for several months, not just 1 week.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in a mental health facility is collecting data from a client taking lithium. Which of the following information should the nurse report to the provider as an indication of lithium toxicity?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Slurred speech. Lithium toxicity can manifest as neurological symptoms such as slurred speech due to its effects on the central nervous system. A dry cough (
A) is not typically associated with lithium toxicity. Elevated blood pressure (
B) may be a sign of other conditions but is not specific to lithium toxicity. Stooped posture (
C) is more indicative of musculoskeletal issues rather than lithium toxicity. In summary, slurred speech is a key neurological symptom of lithium toxicity, making it the correct choice in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse working in an urgent care clinic is collecting data from a client who takes montelukast. Which of the following is an expected therapeutic effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Reduced bronchial inflammation. Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist commonly used to treat asthma and allergic rhinitis. By blocking leukotrienes, it helps reduce bronchial inflammation, leading to improved breathing and decreased asthma symptoms. Other choices are incorrect because montelukast does not affect peripheral vasodilation, gastric acid levels, or WBC count. It is important for the nurse to recognize the expected therapeutic effects of medications to monitor and evaluate the client's response accurately.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for nystatin oral suspension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Swish the medication in your mouth. Nystatin oral suspension is an antifungal medication used to treat oral thrush, a fungal infection in the mouth. By swishing the medication in the mouth before swallowing, it allows the medication to come into contact with the affected areas in the mouth, ensuring better efficacy. Using a straw (choice
B) may not be effective as it may not reach all areas of the mouth. Taking the medication with meals (choice
C) may interfere with the absorption of the medication. Drinking water after taking the medication (choice
D) is not necessary for its effectiveness.