ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology safety Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is calculating a client's fluid intake over the past 8 hr. The client had one 8-oz cup of coffee 3 oz of juice, and 12 oz of soda. The client's water pitcher had 800 mL and 200 mL remain. The client also had IV fluids infusing at 40 mL/hr via an IV pump. How many mL should the nurse document as the client's total intake for the shift?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1,610 mL.
To calculate the client's total intake, you need to add up all sources of fluid intake.
- Coffee (8 oz = 240 mL)
- Juice (3 oz = 90 mL)
- Soda (12 oz = 360 mL)
- Water from pitcher (800 mL - 200 mL = 600 mL)
- IV fluids (40 mL/hr x 8 hr = 320 mL)
Add all these values together: 240 + 90 + 360 + 600 + 320 = 1,610 mL. This is the total fluid intake for the shift.
Other choices are incorrect because they do not accurately represent the sum of all fluid sources. B, C, and D are lower or higher than the correct calculation, making them inaccurate.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about medication interactions. The nurse should include that iron preparations should be administered with which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Orange juice. Iron preparations should be administered with orange juice because the vitamin C in orange juice helps enhance the absorption of iron in the body. Vitamin C helps convert non-heme iron (from plant sources) into a form that is easier for the body to absorb.
Therefore, taking iron with orange juice can optimize the body's ability to absorb and utilize the iron effectively.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: Cheese does not have any specific interaction with iron absorption.
C: Milk can inhibit the absorption of iron due to its calcium content, which can interfere with iron absorption.
D: Antacids containing magnesium can also inhibit the absorption of iron because magnesium can bind to iron and reduce its absorption in the digestive system.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. The nurse should use the results of which of the following diagnostic tests to monitor the effect of this therapy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prothrombin time (PT). PT measures the extrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade, which warfarin affects. Monitoring PT helps assess the effectiveness of warfarin therapy in preventing blood clots. WBC count (
A), aPTT (
B), and platelet count (
D) do not directly monitor the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. WBC count is for infection, aPTT is for heparin therapy, and platelet count is for assessing clotting ability.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for prednisone. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Answer B is correct because prednisone can increase appetite and lead to weight gain, which can affect blood sugar control in individuals with diabetes. Increased hunger is a common side effect of prednisone, and it is essential for the client to be aware of this to manage their diabetes effectively.
Choice A is incorrect because prednisone typically raises blood sugar levels due to its effects on glucose metabolism, so a decrease in blood sugar would not be expected.
Choice C is incorrect because fever is not a common side effect of prednisone.
Choice D is incorrect because ringing in the ears is not a typical side effect of prednisone use in diabetes management.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for oral suspension phenytoin. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Shake the suspension vigorously prior to pouring the medication. This is important because oral suspensions can settle, and shaking ensures even distribution of the medication for accurate dosing.
Choice A is incorrect because red-brown urine is not a common side effect of phenytoin.
Choice B is unrelated to the administration of phenytoin.
Choice D is incorrect because antacids can decrease the absorption of phenytoin.