ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology safety Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is calculating a client's fluid intake over the past 8 hr. The client had one 8-oz cup of coffee 3 oz of juice, and 12 oz of soda. The client's water pitcher had 800 mL and 200 mL remain. The client also had IV fluids infusing at 40 mL/hr via an IV pump. How many mL should the nurse document as the client's total intake for the shift?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 1,610 mL.
To calculate the total intake, we need to add up all the sources of fluid intake: 8 oz coffee (240 mL), 3 oz juice (90 mL), 12 oz soda (360 mL), water pitcher (600 mL - 200 mL), and IV fluids (40 mL/hr x 8 hr = 320 mL).
Total intake = 240 + 90 + 360 + (600 - 200) + 320 = 1,610 mL.
Choice B is incorrect because it does not account for all the sources of fluid intake.
Choice C and D are incorrect because they overestimate the total intake.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about medication interactions. The nurse should include that iron preparations should be administered with which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Orange juice. Iron preparations are better absorbed in an acidic environment, which is provided by the vitamin C in orange juice. Vitamin C helps convert the iron into a form that is more easily absorbed by the body. Cheese (choice
B) and milk (choice
C) contain calcium, which can inhibit iron absorption. Antacids containing magnesium (choice
D) can also decrease iron absorption by reducing stomach acid levels.
Therefore, orange juice is the best choice to enhance the absorption of iron.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. The nurse should use the results of which of the following diagnostic tests to monitor the effect of this therapy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prothrombin time (PT). PT is used to monitor the effect of warfarin therapy because warfarin works by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, including prothrombin. Monitoring PT helps assess the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is used to monitor heparin therapy, not warfarin. White blood cell count (WB
C) and platelet count are not directly related to monitoring warfarin therapy.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for prednisone. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: I should expect to feel hungrier while on this medication. Prednisone can increase appetite and lead to weight gain, which can affect blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes. Increased hunger is a common side effect of prednisone, and understanding this can help the client manage their diabetes effectively.
Incorrect Answers:
A: I might notice a decrease in my blood sugar while taking this medication. - Prednisone can actually increase blood sugar levels.
C: I might have a fever while taking this medication. - Fever is not a common side effect of prednisone.
D: This medication can cause ringing in my ears. - Tinnitus is not a typical side effect of prednisone.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for oral suspension phenytoin. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Shake the suspension vigorously prior to pouring the medication. This is important because phenytoin oral suspension can settle over time, leading to inaccurate dosing if not properly mixed.
Choice A is incorrect as red-brown urine is not a common side effect of phenytoin.
Choice B is unrelated to phenytoin administration.
Choice D is incorrect as antacids can interfere with phenytoin absorption.