ATI LPN
ATI LPN UT1 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who has pneumonia and requires chest percussion, vibration, and postural drainage. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to complete first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Proper positioning is crucial for effective postural drainage, as it allows gravity to assist in moving secretions from the lung areas to the central airways.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is having an acute asthma exacerbation. When auscultating the client's chest, the nurse should expect to hear which of the following sounds?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Wheezing, particularly on expiration, is a characteristic finding during an acute asthma exacerbation due to airway narrowing.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions to the client with pulmonary sarcoidosis. The nurse knows that the client understands the information if the client verbalizes which early sign of exacerbation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Shortness of breath is a significant early indicator of exacerbation in pulmonary sarcoidosis, reflecting worsening lung function.
Question 4 of 5
A charge nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about fluid shifts. The newly licensed nurse asks why sodium levels are high during dehydration. Which of the following responses should the charge nurse provide?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: In dehydration, water loss leads to higher sodium concentration, drawing water from cells to balance osmotic pressure, elevating sodium levels.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who is postoperative and has a respiratory rate of 7/min. The arterial blood gas (ABG) values include: pH 7.22, PaCO2 68 mm Hg, Base excess -2, PaO2 78 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 80%, Bicarbonate 28 mEq/L. Which of the following interpretations of the ABG values should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Respiratory acidosis is indicated by a low pH and high PaCO2. The client's pH is 7.22 (acidic) and PaCO2 is 68 mm Hg (elevated), consistent with respiratory acidosis.