ATI LPN
LPN ATI Fundamental Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who has aphasia following a stroke. Which of the following interventions should the nurse use to assist the client with communication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Provide an artificial voice box: An artificial voice box, such as a speech-generating device, is more appropriate for clients who have lost their ability to speak due to laryngeal surgery or other conditions that affect vocal cord function, not aphasia. Avoid using facial gestures: Correct. Clients with aphasia have difficulty understanding and expressing language. Nonverbal communication, including facial gestures, can help convey meaning and support communication with the client. Speak to the client in a louder voice: Raising the volume of speech is not the most effective way to communicate with clients with aphasia. It is essential to speak clearly and at a normal volume, as loud speech may lead to misunderstanding or agitation. Ask the client close-ended questions: While open-ended questions might be challenging for clients with aphasia to answer, closed-ended questions that require only simple responses may not fully address their needs for self-expression and understanding. Using visual cues and gestures can be helpful.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a partial hearing loss about how to modify the home environment. Which of the following is a priority modification that the nurse should include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alarm clock that shakes the bed: While a vibrating alarm clock can be helpful for waking a person with hearing loss, it may not be a priority modification for safety in the home environment. Flashing smoke alarm: Correct. A flashing smoke alarm is a priority modification because it addresses the safety concern of alerting the client in the event of a fire or smoke in the home. The flashing light serves as an effective visual cue to notify the client about the danger. Low-pitched buzzer doorbell: A low-pitched buzzer doorbell can be beneficial for individuals with hearing loss, but it is not as critical as having a flashing smoke alarm for immediate safety. Telephone with an amplified receiver: An amplified telephone receiver can improve communication for clients with hearing loss but is not as essential for immediate safety as a flashing smoke alarm.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing preoperative teaching with a client about how to turn, cough, and deep breathe. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This can help prevent nausea.' Turning, coughing, and deep breathing exercises are not primarily aimed at preventing nausea. These exercises are designed to maintain lung function and prevent respiratory complications. 'This can help prevent pneumonia.' Correct. Turning, coughing, and deep breathing exercises are essential postoperative activities that help prevent the development of pneumonia by promoting lung expansion, clearing mucus, and preventing atelectasis. 'I should do this every 4 hours.' The frequency of turning, coughing, and deep breathing exercises may vary based on individual client needs and surgical procedures. This statement does not demonstrate a specific understanding of the appropriate timing for these exercises. 'I should do this to keep my heart from beating too fast.' Turning, coughing, and deep breathing exercises are not directly related to heart rate regulation. They are focused on lung expansion and airway clearance.
Question 4 of 5
A client who has advanced cancer tells the nurse that they have a difficult time talking to anyone about the illness. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to encourage therapeutic communication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Keep the conversation moving by asking about the client’s family: While engaging the client in conversation is important, this statement does not specifically address the client’s difficulty in talking about their illness. Let the client know that as their nurse, they are available and willing to listen: Correct. This response demonstrates the nurse’s willingness to provide emotional support and active listening. Encouraging the client to express their feelings and concerns about their illness is essential in promoting therapeutic communication. Ask if the client understands what to expect in the advanced stages of the illness: While discussing the client’s understanding of their illness is essential, it does not directly address their difficulty in talking to others about it. Ask the client’s visitors not to say anything about the advanced disease: This response may hinder communication and restrict the client’s opportunity to talk about their feelings and concerns with supportive visitors.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is contributing to a plan of care for a client who has a new prescription for a wrist restraint. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Check that the restraint is tied to a fixed frame of the bed: Restraints should never be tied to the side rails or a fixed frame of the bed, as this can lead to serious injuries. Restraints should be secured to the bed frame using quick release ties to ensure safety. Pad bony prominences on the wrist: Correct. Padding bony prominences on the wrist is an important step in the use of restraints to prevent skin breakdown and pressure injuries. Remove the restraint every 4 hr to allow movement: While repositioning and releasing restraints periodically is essential for the client’s comfort and safety, it is not appropriate to remove wrist restraints entirely every 4 hours, as they were prescribed for a specific purpose. Tie the restraint with a knot that will tighten when pulled: Restraints should never be tied with a knot that can tighten when pulled, as this can cause harm to the client and restrict blood flow. Restraints should be secured using quick release ties to allow for easy removal in emergencies.