ATI LPN
ATI LPN Med Surg Haematology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the discharge of a child who has sickle cell anemia and is recovering from an acute sickle cell crisis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse reinforce with the child's parents?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Increased fluid intake reduces blood viscosity, preventing sickling and future crises in sickle cell anemia. High-protein diets, temperature monitoring, and activity restrictions are less critical for crisis prevention.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. The nurse should monitor for which of the following findings as an indication the client is having an acute hemolytic reaction?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Low back pain is a hallmark of acute hemolytic reaction due to the breakdown of red blood cells and hemoglobin release, which can stress the kidneys. Pulmonary congestion is linked to fluid overload, urticaria to allergic reactions, and vomiting is less specific to hemolytic reactions.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient with a clotting disorder. Which should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Fresh frozen plasma (FFP) contains clotting factors and is used for clotting disorders to manage bleeding. Cryoprecipitates are for specific factor deficiencies, PRBCs for anemia, and platelets for thrombocytopenia.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data on a client who is to receive a blood transfusion. Which of the following data is the nurse's priority before the transfusion begins?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Monitoring the baseline temperature is critical before a transfusion because a fever may indicate an infection or signal the onset of a transfusion reaction, such as a febrile non-hemolytic reaction. Skin color, hemoglobin level, and fluid intake are important but secondary to detecting immediate transfusion-related complications.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a patient who must undergo a splenectomy for treatment for idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). Which of the following statements best describes the rationale for the splenectomy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In ITP, the spleen destroys platelets, leading to thrombocytopenia. Splenectomy reduces this destruction, increasing platelet counts. The spleen does not produce platelets or cause infections due to WBC loss in this context.