ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology safety Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about medication interactions. The nurse should include that iron preparations should be administered with which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Orange juice. Iron preparations should be administered with orange juice because the vitamin C in orange juice helps enhance the absorption of iron in the body. Vitamin C helps convert non-heme iron (from plant sources) into a form that is easier for the body to absorb.
Therefore, taking iron with orange juice can optimize the body's ability to absorb and utilize the iron effectively.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: Cheese does not have any specific interaction with iron absorption.
C: Milk can inhibit the absorption of iron due to its calcium content, which can interfere with iron absorption.
D: Antacids containing magnesium can also inhibit the absorption of iron because magnesium can bind to iron and reduce its absorption in the digestive system.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. The nurse should use the results of which of the following diagnostic tests to monitor the effect of this therapy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prothrombin time (PT). PT measures the extrinsic pathway of the coagulation cascade, which warfarin affects. Monitoring PT helps assess the effectiveness of warfarin therapy in preventing blood clots. WBC count (
A), aPTT (
B), and platelet count (
D) do not directly monitor the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. WBC count is for infection, aPTT is for heparin therapy, and platelet count is for assessing clotting ability.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for prednisone. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Answer B is correct because prednisone can increase appetite and lead to weight gain, which can affect blood sugar control in individuals with diabetes. Increased hunger is a common side effect of prednisone, and it is essential for the client to be aware of this to manage their diabetes effectively.
Choice A is incorrect because prednisone typically raises blood sugar levels due to its effects on glucose metabolism, so a decrease in blood sugar would not be expected.
Choice C is incorrect because fever is not a common side effect of prednisone.
Choice D is incorrect because ringing in the ears is not a typical side effect of prednisone use in diabetes management.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for oral suspension phenytoin. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Shake the suspension vigorously prior to pouring the medication. This is important because oral suspensions can settle, and shaking ensures even distribution of the medication for accurate dosing.
Choice A is incorrect because red-brown urine is not a common side effect of phenytoin.
Choice B is unrelated to the administration of phenytoin.
Choice D is incorrect because antacids can decrease the absorption of phenytoin.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer enteric-coated aspirin to an older adult client who had a cerebrovascular accident and has difficulty swallowing medications. The client asks the nurse if she will crush the medication to make it easier to swallow. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C - That would release all the medication at once, rather than over time.
Rationale: Enteric-coated aspirin is designed to bypass the stomach and dissolve in the small intestine to prevent irritation to the stomach lining. Crushing the medication would disrupt the enteric coating, causing the medication to be released in the stomach instead of the small intestine. This can lead to irritation of the stomach lining and potentially increase the risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. It is important for the medication to be released gradually over time to ensure its effectiveness and safety.
Summary:
A: Incorrect - Stomach acid inactivation is not the primary concern with crushing enteric-coated aspirin.
B: Incorrect - Stomach ache or indigestion is a possibility, but the main issue is the incorrect release of the medication.
D: Incorrect - Mixing crushed enteric-coated aspirin with ice cream would still disrupt the enteric coating and lead to improper release.