ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology safety Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about medication interactions. The nurse should include that iron preparations should be administered with which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Orange juice. Iron preparations are better absorbed in an acidic environment, which is provided by the vitamin C in orange juice. Vitamin C helps convert the iron into a form that is more easily absorbed by the body. Cheese (choice
B) and milk (choice
C) contain calcium, which can inhibit iron absorption. Antacids containing magnesium (choice
D) can also decrease iron absorption by reducing stomach acid levels.
Therefore, orange juice is the best choice to enhance the absorption of iron.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for warfarin. The nurse should use the results of which of the following diagnostic tests to monitor the effect of this therapy?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Prothrombin time (PT). PT is used to monitor the effect of warfarin therapy because warfarin works by inhibiting the synthesis of vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, including prothrombin. Monitoring PT helps assess the anticoagulant effect of warfarin. Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) is used to monitor heparin therapy, not warfarin. White blood cell count (WB
C) and platelet count are not directly related to monitoring warfarin therapy.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has diabetes mellitus and a new prescription for prednisone. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: I should expect to feel hungrier while on this medication. Prednisone can increase appetite and lead to weight gain, which can affect blood sugar levels in individuals with diabetes. Increased hunger is a common side effect of prednisone, and understanding this can help the client manage their diabetes effectively.
Incorrect Answers:
A: I might notice a decrease in my blood sugar while taking this medication. - Prednisone can actually increase blood sugar levels.
C: I might have a fever while taking this medication. - Fever is not a common side effect of prednisone.
D: This medication can cause ringing in my ears. - Tinnitus is not a typical side effect of prednisone.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a prescription for oral suspension phenytoin. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Shake the suspension vigorously prior to pouring the medication. This is important because phenytoin oral suspension can settle over time, leading to inaccurate dosing if not properly mixed.
Choice A is incorrect as red-brown urine is not a common side effect of phenytoin.
Choice B is unrelated to phenytoin administration.
Choice D is incorrect as antacids can interfere with phenytoin absorption.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer enteric-coated aspirin to an older adult client who had a cerebrovascular accident and has difficulty swallowing medications. The client asks the nurse if she will crush the medication to make it easier to swallow. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C - That would release all the medication at once, rather than over time.
Rationale: Enteric-coated aspirin is designed to dissolve in the small intestine, not the stomach. Crushing it would disrupt this mechanism, leading to the rapid release of the entire dose in the stomach. This can increase the risk of adverse effects such as gastric irritation or ulcers. By maintaining the enteric coating intact, the medication can be slowly absorbed in the intestine, reducing the likelihood of gastrointestinal issues.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Stomach acid will inactivate some of the medication if I crush the medication. - While stomach acid can affect medication absorption, the primary concern with enteric-coated aspirin is the disruption of its intended slow release mechanism, not inactivation by stomach acid.
B: If I crush it you might experience a stomach ache or indigestion. - This is a potential consequence of crushing enteric-coated aspirin, but the main concern is the immediate release