ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology N113 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assisting with monitoring a client who has preeclampsia and is receiving magnesium sulfate. The client's respiratory rate is 8/min. Which of the following should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Calcium gluconate. In magnesium sulfate toxicity, respiratory depression is a common adverse effect. Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity as it antagonizes the effects of magnesium on neuromuscular transmission and can help reverse respiratory depression. Flumazenil (
B) is a benzodiazepine receptor antagonist and is used for benzodiazepine overdose, not magnesium toxicity. Protamine sulfate (
C) is used for heparin overdose. Naloxone (
D) is used for opioid overdose.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is administering risperidone to a client who has schizophrenia for which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased triglyceride level. Risperidone, an atypical antipsychotic, is known to cause metabolic side effects such as increased triglycerides. This can lead to cardiovascular issues. Monitoring triglyceride levels is important for early detection and intervention. Elevated blood pressure (
A) is not a common adverse effect of risperidone. Decreased blood glucose level (
C) is more commonly associated with other medications like insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents. Weight loss (
D) is not a major adverse effect of risperidone, as it is more likely to cause weight gain.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing a client's medication administration record. Which of the following medications should the nurse recognize as potentially interacting with the client's prescribed lithium?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Furosemide. Furosemide can increase lithium levels and potentially lead to lithium toxicity by reducing its excretion. Furosemide is a diuretic that affects renal function, which can impact lithium clearance. Gentamicin (
B) primarily affects the kidneys but does not significantly interact with lithium. Alprazolam (
C) and Warfarin (
D) do not have direct interactions with lithium.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for phenytoin. The nurse should recognize that which of the following statements by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. This statement indicates a need for further teaching because phenytoin is an antiepileptic medication that should not be stopped abruptly. Seizure control should be maintained by continuous medication use. Stopping the medication abruptly can lead to seizure recurrence.
Choices A, B, and D are all correct statements that demonstrate understanding of important aspects of phenytoin therapy. A dentist visit is important due to phenytoin's potential side effects on oral health. Notifying the provider before taking other medications is crucial to avoid drug interactions. Taking the medication with meals helps prevent gastrointestinal side effects.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching for a client who is depressed and has a prescription for fluoxetine 20 mg PO twice daily. The nurse should identify that which of the following statements by the client demonstrates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because reporting weight changes is important for monitoring side effects of fluoxetine. Weight changes can be a sign of effectiveness or possible adverse effects.
Choice B is incorrect because abruptly stopping fluoxetine can lead to withdrawal symptoms.
Choice C is incorrect as there is no need to avoid cheese with fluoxetine.
Choice D is incorrect because fluoxetine is usually taken in the morning to prevent insomnia.