ATI LPN
LPN ATI Fundamental Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assisting with a presentation to a group of older adults at a community center about hypothermia and hyperthermia. Which of the following information should the nurse include about age-related changes?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Body regulation of heat and cold increases with age: This statement is incorrect. Age-related changes can lead to decreased efficiency in regulating body temperature, making older adults more susceptible to extreme temperatures. Circulation becomes less efficient with age: Correct. With age, blood vessels can lose some of their elasticity, leading to decreased efficiency in circulating blood throughout the body. This can impact the ability to respond to temperature changes effectively. Increased metabolic rate occurs with age, and increasing body temperature: This statement is incorrect. In general, metabolic rate tends to decrease with age, which can contribute to decreased heat production in older adults. Sweat gland activity is increased with age: This statement is incorrect. Sweat gland activity tends to decrease with age, leading to decreased sweating and potential challenges in cooling the body during hot conditions.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about the prevention of stress injuries. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Keep your knees in a locked position when standing for prolonged periods.' This instruction is incorrect. Keeping knees locked can lead to muscle fatigue and increased risk of injury during prolonged standing. 'Bend at the waist when lifting a heavy object.' This instruction is incorrect. Bending at the waist during lifting can strain the lower back and increase the risk of back injuries. 'Keep your feet close together when lifting a heavy object.' This instruction is incorrect. Keeping feet close together can make the base unstable and increase the risk of falling or losing balance during lifting. 'When lifting a heavy object, keep it close to your body.' Correct. Keeping the heavy object close to the body while lifting helps reduce strain on the back and minimizes the risk of injury. This technique allows the body’s core muscles to better support the weight.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has metastatic cancer and practices Catholicism. The client asks the nurse to discuss the afterlife with them. Which of the following statements by the nurse assists in meeting the client’s spiritual needs?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Tell me what the afterlife means to you.' Correct. This response demonstrates active listening and encourages the client to share their beliefs and feelings about the afterlife, providing the client with an opportunity for spiritual expression and understanding. 'You should discuss the afterlife with your priest.' While discussing spiritual matters with a religious leader can be valuable, this response does not directly address the client’s request for the nurse to discuss the afterlife with them. 'Keep praying. A miracle could happen.' This response may not fully address the client’s need to discuss their beliefs about the afterlife. It focuses on hope but does not actively engage in the client’s spiritual conversation. 'Maybe your condition will lead you closer to God.' While offering comfort, this response may not meet the client’s request to discuss the afterlife directly.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a topical medication to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Show the assistive personnel where to apply the medication: This action is not appropriate because only licensed healthcare providers, such as nurses, are allowed to administer medications. Ask the client when the previous nurse last applied the medication: While communication with the client is important, it is not a reliable method to verify medication administration accuracy. Identify the client by comparing the medication administration record with the client’s room number: This action is insufficient to verify the correct client because there could be multiple clients with the same medication due. Compare the label of the medication container with the medication administration record three times: Correct. This action is known as the 'three checks' and is an essential step in medication administration. The nurse should compare the medication label with the medication administration record before removing the medication, after removing the medication, and at the bedside before administering the medication.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the plan of care for a client who has aphasia following a stroke. Which of the following interventions should the nurse use to assist the client with communication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Provide an artificial voice box: An artificial voice box, such as a speech-generating device, is more appropriate for clients who have lost their ability to speak due to laryngeal surgery or other conditions that affect vocal cord function, not aphasia. Avoid using facial gestures: Correct. Clients with aphasia have difficulty understanding and expressing language. Nonverbal communication, including facial gestures, can help convey meaning and support communication with the client. Speak to the client in a louder voice: Raising the volume of speech is not the most effective way to communicate with clients with aphasia. It is essential to speak clearly and at a normal volume, as loud speech may lead to misunderstanding or agitation. Ask the client close-ended questions: While open-ended questions might be challenging for clients with aphasia to answer, closed-ended questions that require only simple responses may not fully address their needs for self-expression and understanding. Using visual cues and gestures can be helpful.