ATI LPN
PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is to receive a transfusion of packed RBCs. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Obtain 0.9% sodium chloride solution for IV infusion. This is the correct action because it is important to prime the IV tubing with a normal saline solution before starting the transfusion to prevent hemolysis of the packed RBCs. Normal saline is isotonic and compatible with most blood products, reducing the risk of adverse reactions.
Choice A is incorrect because packed RBCs should be transfused within 4 hours, not 6 hours.
Choice C is incorrect because filterless IV tubing should not be used for blood transfusions as it can lead to the administration of clots or debris.
Choice D is incorrect because the nurse should remain at the client's bedside for the first 15 minutes of the transfusion, not 5 minutes, to monitor for any immediate adverse reactions.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for naproxen. Which of the following is a potential adverse effect that the nurse should instruct the client to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Black, tarry stools. This is a potential adverse effect of naproxen due to gastrointestinal bleeding. The nurse should instruct the client to report this to the provider immediately as it could indicate a serious issue. Increased energy levels (
A) are not typically a side effect of naproxen. Improved appetite (
C) and mild headache (
D) are common side effects that do not require immediate reporting.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adult client who is receiving albuterol inhalation treatments. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor the client? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A, D, E
Rationale: The correct answer is A, D, and E. Albuterol is a bronchodilator that can cause side effects like shakiness, tachycardia (fast heart rate), and palpitations due to its stimulant effect on the heart and nervous system. Monitoring for these adverse effects is crucial to ensure the client's safety. Fatigue (choice
B) and tinnitus (choice
C) are not typically associated with albuterol inhalation treatments and would not be expected side effects.
Therefore, choices B and C are incorrect in this context.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record of a client who has an NG tube. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer through the NG tube?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lovastatin. This medication is suitable for administration through an NG tube because it is not an enteric-coated or sustained-release formulation, ensuring proper absorption via the tube. Dipivefrin (
A) is an ophthalmic medication, not suitable for NG tube administration. Salmeterol (
B) is a long-acting beta-agonist inhaler medication. Nitroglycerin (
D) is typically administered sublingually or transdermally for rapid absorption, not through an NG tube.
Extract:
Vital Signs Day 1: Temperature 37.2° C (99° F), Blood pressure 124/56 mm Hg, Heart rate 66/min, Respiratory rate 16/min, Oxygen saturation 95% on room air; Day 2: Temperature 37.2° C (99° F), Heart rate 112/min, Respiratory rate 28/min, Blood pressure 148/86 mm Hg, Oxygen saturation 90% on room air; Medication Administration Record: Albuterol 2 inhalations every 4 to 6 hr PRN wheezing, Bisacodyl 10 mg suppository daily PRN constipation, Prochlorperazine 10 mg PO 3 to 4 times per day PRN nausea, Morphine 4 mg IV bolus every 4 hr PRN severe pain, Acetaminophen 325 to 650 mg every 4 to 6 hr PRN pain or temperature greater than 38.4° C (101.1° F); Nurses' Notes Day 1: Bilateral breath sounds are clear and present throughout. Client reports pain as 2 on a scale of 0 to 10. Abdomen soft, nondistended, bowel sounds hypoactive. Client has a history of asthma. Day 2: Respirations rapid and shallow. Bilateral breath sounds with scattered wheezing. Client reports pain as 8 on a scale of 0 to 10. Client reports no nausea or constipation. Abdomen soft, nondistended, bowel sounds audible.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse should contribute to the plan of care by administering _______ and ______ to the client.
Correct Answer: B, C
Rationale: The correct answer is B (Albuterol) and C (Morphine). Albuterol is a bronchodilator used for treating respiratory conditions like asthma by opening up the airways. Morphine is an opioid analgesic for managing severe pain. The nurse's role includes administering these medications based on the client's needs and the healthcare provider's prescriptions. Prochlorperazine (
A) is an antiemetic for nausea and vomiting, not relevant here. Bisacodyl (
D) is a laxative for constipation, not related to the client's current care needs. Acetaminophen (E) is a pain reliever, but not as potent as morphine for severe pain.