ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology safety Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assisting in preparing an in-service program about preventing medication errors when transcribing a prescription. The nurse is using a dosage example of two tenths of a milligram. Which of the following transcription examples should the nurse use?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 0.2 mg. When transcribing a dosage of two tenths of a milligram, it should be written as 0.2 mg, as this accurately represents the decimal point placement.
Choice A (2.0 mg) is incorrect because it represents 2 milligrams, which is ten times greater than the intended dose.
Choices C, D, and E all incorrectly represent the dosage as 0.2 milligrams, which is one-tenth of the intended dose.
Therefore, the only correct transcription example is B, as it accurately reflects the intended dosage of two tenths of a milligram.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a vaginal cream to a client. The nurse should instruct the client to lie in which of the following positions while in bed?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sims position. This position allows for easy access to the vagina and ensures proper administration of the vaginal cream. In Sims position, the client lies on the left side with the upper leg flexed and the lower leg straight. This position helps expose the vaginal area for treatment.
A: Orthopneic position is upright sitting.
B: Prone position is lying face down.
D: Dorsal recumbent is lying on the back with knees flexed.
Sims position is the most appropriate for vaginal cream administration due to accessibility and comfort.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with a client following an episode of status asthmaticus. The client has a prescription for two inhalations from an albuterol metered-dose inhaler. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will hold my breath at least 10 seconds after inhaling the medication." This statement indicates understanding because holding the breath after inhaling albuterol allows the medication to reach deeper into the lungs for better absorption and effectiveness. Holding the breath for 10 seconds ensures adequate time for the medication to be deposited in the airways.
Choice A is incorrect because holding the inhaler with the non-dominant hand does not directly impact the correct administration of the medication.
Choice C is incorrect as waiting 10 minutes between inhalations is not necessary and may delay proper treatment during an acute asthma attack.
Choice D is incorrect as tilting the head forward while inhaling does not contribute to the effectiveness of the medication.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer 400 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride IV over 8 hr. The drop factor of the manual IV tubing is 60 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual IV infusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the rate of IV infusion in gtt/min, we first convert the total volume to be infused (400 mL) and the total time (8 hr) into minutes. 400 mL over 8 hr is 50 mL/hr. Next, we convert mL/hr to gtt/min using the drop factor of 60 gtt/mL. 50 mL/hr x 60 gtt/mL = 3000 gtt/hr. Finally, we convert gtt/hr to gtt/min by dividing by 60 minutes. 3000 gtt/hr ÷ 60 min = 50 gtt/min.
Therefore, the correct answer is A: 50 gtt/min.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not align with the calculated rate based on the given information.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse administered nitroglycerin sublingually to a client who has angina pectoris and experienced chest pain. The client states that his chest pain is relieved but now he has a headache. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because headache is a common side effect of nitroglycerin due to its vasodilatory effects. The nurse should educate the client that this side effect is expected and may diminish with continued use.
Choice B is incorrect because an allergic reaction would present with more severe symptoms beyond just a headache.
Choice C is incorrect as it does not address the physiological reason for the headache.
Choice D is incorrect as tolerance to nitroglycerin does not manifest as a headache.