ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is administering the first dose of ramipril to a client who has hypertension. The client reports feeling dizzy and lightheaded. Which of the following should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: IV fluid bolus. The client is experiencing dizziness and lightheadedness, which could be due to hypotension caused by ramipril. Administering IV fluid bolus helps increase blood volume and improve blood pressure, addressing the symptoms.
Choice A is incorrect because carbohydrates won't address the hypotension.
Choice B, Diphenhydramine, is an antihistamine and is not indicated for hypotension.
Choice C, Naloxone, is used to reverse opioid overdose, not for hypotension.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension and has been taking hydrochlorothiazide. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse evaluate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Serum electrolyte levels. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that can cause electrolyte imbalances, particularly low levels of potassium and sodium. Monitoring electrolyte levels is crucial to prevent complications such as arrhythmias or muscle weakness. Thyroid levels (
B) are not directly affected by hydrochlorothiazide. Coagulation studies (
C) are not typically impacted by this medication. Complete blood count (
D) is not directly related to hydrochlorothiazide use.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin transdermal patches to treat angina. The nurse should inform the client that which of the following manifestations is an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Headache. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator used to treat angina by relaxing blood vessels. Headaches are a common adverse effect due to vasodilation causing increased blood flow to the brain. Ringing in the ears (
A) is not a typical side effect. Nitroglycerin usually causes decreased blood pressure, not increased (
C). Polyuria (
D) is not a known side effect. In summary, headaches are a common adverse effect of nitroglycerin due to vasodilation, making choice B the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assisting in the care of a client admitted for an acetaminophen overdose. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate implementing?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Give acetylcysteine. Acetylcysteine is the antidote for acetaminophen overdose as it helps prevent liver damage. The nurse should anticipate implementing this prescription to counteract the toxic effects of acetaminophen on the liver. Monitoring amylase and lipase (
Choice
A) is not necessary for acetaminophen overdose. Obtaining a chest x-ray (
Choice
C) is not indicated for acetaminophen overdose. Administering naloxone (
Choice
D) is used for opioid overdose, not acetaminophen overdose.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking epoetin alfa for 3 months. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hgb (Hemoglobin). Epoetin alfa is a medication used to stimulate red blood cell production. Monitoring the hemoglobin level is crucial to assess the effectiveness of the medication in increasing red blood cell count. An increase in hemoglobin indicates that the epoetin alfa is effectively stimulating red blood cell production. The other choices, such as A: ΤΑ (unknown abbreviation), C: AST (liver enzyme), and D: Troponin (cardiac marker), are not relevant for monitoring the effectiveness of epoetin alfa. Hemoglobin is the most appropriate parameter to monitor in this scenario.