PN Fundamentals Exam

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

A nurse in a provider's office is reviewing data from a client's medical record. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

A. Type 1 diabetes mellitus B. Orthostatic hypotension C. BMI of 24 D. Family history of osteoporosis

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Type 1 diabetes increases cardiovascular risk via atherosclerosis.
Choice B relates to BP regulation, not a direct risk.
Choice C is normal BMI.
Choice D affects bones, not cardiovascular health.

Question 2 of 5

A nurse on a medical-surgical unit receives a telephone call from an individual who identifies himself as the client's employer. The employer asks the nurse about the client's condition. Which of the following is an appropriate response by the nurse?

A. I cannot confirm or deny that we have a client by that name. B. I will tell him you called. C. The client's condition is stable right now. D. He is here in the hospital, but I cannot tell you anything else.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Not confirming or denying protects confidentiality per HIPAA.
Choice B implies presence, breaching privacy.
Choice C discloses health status.
Choice D confirms presence, violating privacy.

Question 3 of 5

A nurse is reinforcing teaching about end-of-life care with the partner of a client. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?

A. Encourage your partner to eat three large meals each day. B. We will use an electric blanket to keep your partner warm. C. Opioids will be restricted if your partner develops respiratory distress. D. Assume your partner can hear you, even if they do not respond.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Assuming hearing persists supports emotional connection, a key end-of-life principle.
Choice A may cause discomfort due to reduced appetite.
Choice B risks safety with poor circulation.
Choice C is false; opioids manage symptoms.

Question 4 of 5

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has fecal incontinence. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A. Turn the client every 4 hr. B. Cleanse the perineal area with povidone-iodine solution. C. Apply cornstarch powder to the perineal area. D. Place a moisture barrier ointment over the perineal area.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Moisture barrier ointment protects skin from breakdown due to fecal exposure.
Choice A prevents ulcers but not skin irritation.
Choice B is too harsh.
Choice C worsens moisture issues.

Question 5 of 5

A charge nurse is observing a newly licensed nurse who is caring for a group of clients. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of infection control principles?

A. I will rinse the contaminants from a bedpan with hot water. B. I will double-bag a client's linens each day. C. I will wear sterile gloves when bathing a client who is incontinent. D. I will use disinfectant to clean the blood pressure cuff after use on a client.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Using disinfectant on equipment prevents pathogen spread, a key infection control measure.
Choice A is insufficient for disinfection.
Choice B isn’t standard unless specified.
Choice C is excessive; clean gloves suffice.

PN Fundamentals Exam | Nurselytic

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