PN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 | Nurselytic

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PN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions

Extract:

• Exhibit 1 Exhibit 2 Exhibit 3
• History and Physical
• 1000:
• Client reports generalized weakness and increased fatigue over the past few months.
Client states they become short of breath after climbing a flight of stairs and are having difficulty keeping up with their grandchildren.
History of rheumatoid arthritis. Reports taking naproxen 500 mg twice a day.
Client reports they follow a vegan diet.
Denies pain or discomfort.
Bilateral breath sounds clear and present throughout.
Mucous membranes pale.
Apical pulse rapid, regular.
• For each finding, click to specify if the finding is consistent with sickle cell disease, iron deficiency anemia, and/or pernicious anemia. Each finding may support more than 1 disease process.


Question 1 of 5

A nurse in a provider's office is assisting in the care of a client. For each finding, click to specify if the finding is consistent with sickle cell disease, iron deficiency anemia, and/or pernicious anemia. Which finding is most consistent with iron deficiency anemia?

FindingsSicklecell DiseaseIron Deficiency AnemiaPerniciousAnemia
Ferritin level
Fatigue
Vitamin B level
Orthostatic hypotension

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Iron deficiency anemia stems from low iron, reducing hemoglobin synthesis, while sickle cell disease involves abnormal hemoglobin shape, and pernicious anemia results from B₁₂ malabsorption. Ferritin, the iron storage protein, is low in iron deficiency (e.g., <15 ng/mL), directly reflecting depleted reserves, as seen in the vegan client with fatigue and pale mucous membranes from Exhibit 1. Fatigue occurs across all three conditions nonspecific due to reduced oxygen delivery but isn't unique. Vitamin B₁₂ levels drop in pernicious anemia, not iron deficiency, unless dual deficiency exists, which isn't suggested. Orthostatic hypotension could arise in severe anemia from hypovolemia, but it's not specific to iron deficiency over others. Low ferritin aligns with iron deficiency's pathophysiology, distinguishing it from sickle cell's vaso-occlusion or pernicious anemia's megaloblastic changes, making it the most consistent finding per diagnostic criteria.

Extract:


Question 2 of 5

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Question 3 of 5

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Question 4 of 5

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Question 5 of 5

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