ATI LPN
PN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in a provider's office is assisting in the care of a client. For each potential provider's prescription, which is anticipated for the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Given the client's vegan diet, fatigue, weakness, pale mucous membranes, and rapid pulse (Exhibit 1), iron deficiency anemia is likely. Administering an iron supplement is anticipated it corrects low hemoglobin, a common vegan shortfall without meat or fortified sources, directly addressing the suspected etiology. Nutritional consultation helps long-term, but immediate supplementation is urgent for symptom relief and oxygen delivery. A low-sodium diet suits heart failure or hypertension, not anemia blood pressure (132/60 to 102/50 mm Hg) reflects orthostasis, not sodium issues. Fluid restriction applies to fluid overload, not here, where hydration supports circulation. Iron supplementation aligns with anemia management guidelines (e.g., ferrous sulfate), offering rapid hematologic improvement, making it the expected prescription for this presentation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is 3 days postoperative following an ileostomy placement. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A retracted stoma is a complication requiring intervention; cherry red is normal, scant blood and dark green stool are expected early post-op.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse working the night shift is caring for an older adult client who has dementia and is at risk for falls. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A motion sensor mat alerts staff to movement, reducing fall risk in dementia clients. TV can agitate, four rails are a restraint, and moving the table doesn't directly prevent falls.
Extract:
Vital Signs
Today, 0700:
Blood pressure 122/68 mm Hg
Heart rate 99/min
Respiratory rate 20/min
Temperature 36.4° C (97.6° F)
Laboratory Results
Today, 0700:
Potassium 3.2 mEq/L (3.5 to 5 mEq/L)
Hct 44% (42% to 52%)
BUN 19 mg/dL (10 to 20 mg/dL)
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following client findings should the nurse identify as a contraindication to the administration of furosemide? (Client with potassium 3.2 mEq/L)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypokalemia (3.2 mEq/L) is a contraindication as furosemide can worsen it, risking arrhythmias.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a subdural hematoma following a motor-vehicle crash. For which of the following findings should the nurse identify that the client is experiencing an increase in intracranial pressure?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Delayed verbal response indicates rising intracranial pressure (ICP) affecting brain function. Ecchymosis and amnesia are hematoma signs, and ringing ears isn't specific to ICP.