ATI LPN
PN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in a provider's office is assisting in the care of a client. Complete the following sentence: The first action the nurse should take is to reinforce education about...
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The client's generalized weakness, fatigue, shortness of breath, and pale mucous membranes (Exhibit 1) with a vegan diet suggest anemia, likely iron deficiency. Reinforcing education about nutritional supplements (e.g., iron, Bâ‚â‚‚) addresses potential deficiencies vegans risk low iron and Bâ‚â‚‚ without fortified foods while collecting intake data identifies dietary gaps, guiding tailored therapy. Increasing fluids and monitoring respiration might help hydration or respiratory distress, but anemia is the primary issue, not fluid status. Checking blood pressure (132/60 to 102/50 mm Hg) shows orthostasis, a symptom, not the cause oxygen isn't indicated with 94% saturation. Assessing fatigue is ongoing, but a chest X-ray targets lungs, not anemia. Education and data collection tackle the root nutritional cause, aligning with holistic care and prevention, making it the nurse's first action.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing first aid for a client who has a minor burn on one hand. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: Blister integrity (
A), pain relief with ibuprofen (
C), and cool water (
D) are correct. Ice can worsen damage, and open air isn't recommended initially.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who is postoperative following an open reduction internal fixation of the right tibia. The first action the nurse should take is to...
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Post-ORIF, increased pain (Day 2, 1600) suggests compartment syndrome, a surgical emergency requiring immediate provider notification to evaluate for fasciotomy. Elevating the extremity at heart level balances perfusion without worsening pressure, unlike high elevation which reduces blood flow. Checking oxygen saturation and medicating pain address symptoms, not the cause pain here signals ischemia, not hypoxia. Assessing the incision (e.g., swelling) supports suspicion, but notification trumps delay; cold packs may mask signs. Monitoring vital signs is routine, but pain's acuity demands action over documentation. Prompt reporting aligns with the 6 Ps, prioritizing limb salvage, making it the critical first step.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in a health clinic is collecting data from an older adult client. Which of the following information in the client's history increases her risk for osteoporosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Lactose intolerance limits calcium intake, a key risk factor for osteoporosis; gardening and walking are protective, and moderate wine has minimal impact.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a client who has viral meningitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse recommend?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Dimming the lighting reduces photophobia, a common symptom of viral meningitis, improving client comfort. Intake/output and temperature monitoring are useful but less specific, and contact precautions are not typically required for viral meningitis.