ATI LPN
PN ADULT MEDICAL SURGICAL 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in a long-term care facility is providing care for a client who has Alzheimer's disease and is agitated. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Trazodone, if prescribed, can calm agitation in Alzheimer's safely. Ambulation may help but isn't immediate, isolation can worsen agitation, and restraints are a last resort.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes
Day 1:
Client brought to the emergency department (ED) following a fall that occurred while downhill skiing. Client states they fell when turning to avoid hitting another skier. Client reports feeling a severe, sudden pain of right leg upon falling. Right leg was immobilized at the scene and client transported to the ED.
Client states they were wearing a helmet while skiing. Client reports no headache or loss of consciousness.
Client reports pain as 10 on a scale of 0 to 10 to the right lower leg Just below the knee and is unable to bear weight.
Right proximal tibia ecchymotic and swollen below the knee. Area is painful to touch. Open area noted on skin with bone visible. Right knee appears displaced. Left pedal pulses 3+, foot warm with intact movement and sensation. Right pedal pulses 1+, foot cool to palpation with minimal movement and reduced sensation.
Diagnostic Results
Day 1:
X-ray of right leg: open spiral tibial shaft fracture
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Post-fasciotomy)
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: Antibiotics prevent infection, analgesics manage pain, and a wound culture assesses for infection post-fasciotomy.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has diabetes mellitus about reducing the risk for a stroke. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Losing excess weight reduces stroke risk by improving cardiovascular health, a key factor in diabetes management. High cholesterol, uncontrolled HbA1c, and glucocorticoids increase, not decrease, stroke risk.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the care of a postoperative client who has developed malignant hyperthermia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A cooling blanket lowers body temperature in malignant hyperthermia, a life-threatening condition. Meperidine, warm enemas, and oxygen alone don't address the hyperthermia directly.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to perform a sterile dressing change for a client who has a stage III pressure ulcer. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Offering pain medication beforehand reduces discomfort during the dressing change for a stage III ulcer. Supplies should be prepared just before, sterile gloves are used after removal, and alcohol isn't used on open wounds.