ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in a long-term care facility is collecting data from a client who has a new prescription for glyburide. The client reports feeling anxious and having profuse sweating. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decreased blood glucose level. Glyburide is a sulfonylurea medication that works by stimulating the pancreas to release more insulin, which can lead to hypoglycemia. Symptoms of hypoglycemia include anxiety, sweating, and other autonomic symptoms.
Therefore, the nurse should expect a decreased blood glucose level in a client experiencing these symptoms.
Explanation for other choices:
A: Positive Chvostek's sign is associated with hypocalcemia, not hypoglycemia.
B: Pitting pedal edema is a sign of fluid retention and is not directly related to glyburide use.
C: Decreased deep-tendon reflexes are not typically associated with glyburide use but can be seen in conditions like hypothyroidism or peripheral neuropathy.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge teaching with the family of a client who has a new diagnosis of Parkinson's disease and a prescription for levodopa/carbidopa. Which of the following statements made by the client's family indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "We should watch for an increase in unusual movements." This statement indicates an understanding of levodopa/carbidopa therapy for Parkinson's disease because levodopa can cause dyskinesias or abnormal involuntary movements as a side effect. Monitoring for these movements is crucial as they may require adjustments to the medication regimen.
Incorrect choices:
A: "We should be sure that he eats a lot of protein with each meal." - Although protein intake timing is important for optimizing levodopa absorption, eating a lot of protein with each meal can actually decrease the medication's effectiveness.
C: "This medication will prevent the disease from progressing." - Levodopa/carbidopa helps manage symptoms but does not halt the progression of Parkinson's disease.
D: "This medication should result in a rapid improvement in his condition." - Levodopa may take some time to show its full effect, and rapid improvement is not typical.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following arthroscopy and reports a pain level of 6 on a scale of 0 to 10 after receiving ketorolac 1 hr ago. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer oxycodone 5 mg orally. Oxycodone is a stronger pain medication compared to ketorolac and is appropriate for moderate to severe pain. Since the client's pain level is still at 6 after receiving ketorolac, a stronger pain medication like oxycodone is indicated. Option A is incorrect because it does not address the client's uncontrolled pain. Option C is not the best choice as rectal administration may not provide quick relief. Option D is inappropriate and judgmental as it assumes the client is seeking drugs improperly without further assessment. Administering oxycodone is the most appropriate action based on the client's pain level and the need for effective pain management postoperatively.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who has a new prescription for prednisone to treat rheumatoid arthritis. Which of the following statements should indicate to the nurse that the client understands the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will report a sore throat to my provider." This statement indicates understanding because prednisone can suppress the immune system, making the client more susceptible to infections like sore throat. Reporting any signs of infection promptly is crucial. The other choices are incorrect because: A - Prednisone should be taken with food to reduce stomach irritation. C - Prednisone can cause sodium retention, so increasing sodium intake is not recommended. D - Prednisone can cause weight gain, not weight loss.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an antibiotic via intermittent IV bolus for a client who has a continuous IV infusion. Which of the following steps should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale: The nurse should first check the IV site for signs of infiltration before administering the antibiotic. This is crucial to ensure the client's safety and prevent potential complications such as tissue damage or infection. By assessing the IV site first, the nurse can identify any issues that may affect medication delivery. Hanging the antibiotic bag above the primary infusion, wiping the connection port, or connecting the tubing are all important steps but should only be done after confirming the IV site integrity. Checking the IV site is the priority to prevent harm to the client.