PN Fundamentals Exam

Extract:

Question 1 of 5

A nurse in a long-term care facility is caring for a client who has a tracheostomy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A. Apply intermittent suction for up to 30 seconds. B. Preoxygenate the client prior to suctioning. C. Instruct the client to swallow during catheter insertion. D. Apply suction while inserting the catheter.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Preoxygenating ensures oxygen levels, reducing suctioning risks.
Choice A is too long; 10-15 seconds is safer.
Choice C isn’t standard.
Choice D risks trauma; suction is for withdrawal.

Question 2 of 5

A nurse is caring for a client who follows a lacto-vegetarian diet. Which of the following food choices should the nurse recommend?

A. Chicken B. Clam chowder C. Tuna fish D. Cheese

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Cheese fits a lacto-vegetarian diet, including dairy but no meat or seafood.

Choices A, B, and C (chicken, clam chowder, tuna) are excluded as they contain meat or fish.

Question 3 of 5

A nurse is caring for a client who refuses their morning dose of antihypertensive medication. The client tells the nurse, 'I'm not going to take this medication because it makes me sick and dizzy.' Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?

A. Document the refusal in the client's medical record. B. Return the medication to the medication cabinet. C. Inform the client of the potential consequences of their refusal. D. Notify the provider of the client's refusal.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Informing about consequences educates the client, aiding informed choice; it’s the first step.
Choice A follows discussion.
Choice B is procedural, not immediate.
Choice D is later if refusal persists.

Question 4 of 5

A nurse is caring for a young adult client who is postoperative and requires physical therapy, pain management, and dietary advancement. The nurse enters the client's room and finds them dressing and stating that they are going home. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

A. Have the client sign an against medical advice form. B. Tell the client that the surgeon will prescribe restraints if they try to leave. C. Explain to the client that they cannot leave until the surgeon discharges them. D. Administer a sedative medication to the client.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Explaining discharge protocol ensures safety and informs the client, respecting autonomy.
Choice A is premature without discussion.
Choice B is unethical.
Choice D violates ethics without justification.

Question 5 of 5

A nurse is showing a newly licensed nurse how to use a mechanical lift. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of this assistive device?

A. The sides of the sling are for the client to hold on to. B. The lower end of the sling goes below the client's calves. C. This type of device is used for a client who cannot assist. D. The device requires the client to use upper body strength.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The lift is for clients unable to assist, showing understanding.
Choice A is false; sides are for attachment.
Choice B varies by lift type.
Choice D is incorrect; the lift supports, not the client.

PN Fundamentals Exam | Nurselytic

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