ATI LPN Fundamentals Exam

Extract:

Patient refusing morning medication due to tiredness

Question 1 of 5

A nurse goes into a patient's room to administer morning medications. The patient states 'I don't want that pill. It makes me tired all the time.' Which of the following 'Patient's Rights' will the nurse be respecting when she does not administer the medication?

A. Be informed if prescribed medications are part of a research study.B. Refuse medication regardless of the consequenceC. Be informed of medication name, purpose, action, and potential side effects.D. Not receive unnecessary medication.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Refusing medication (
B) respects patient autonomy. Research disclosure (
A), education (
C), and avoiding unnecessary drugs (
D) are unrelated to refusal.

Extract:

Client prescribed potassium chloride 10 mEq PO daily

Question 2 of 5

A nurse is reviewing a client's health record and notes a new prescription for potassium chloride 10 mEq PO daily. The nurse should identify this as which of the following types of prescription?

A. NowB. RoutineC. SingleD. Stat

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Daily potassium chloride is routine (
B). Now (
A) is urgent, single (
C) is one-time, and stat (
D) is immediate.

Extract:

Patient at risk for polypharmacy

Question 3 of 5

Which assessment finding indicates that the patient is at risk from polypharmacy? (Select all that apply.)?

A. The patient has weekly laboratory tests for warfarin dosing.B. The patient uses four different pharmacies to fill his 16 prescriptions.C. The patient is allergic to strawberries, latex, and penicillin antibiotics.D. The patient takes three different medications to treat hypertension.E. The patient's daughter administers the patient's eyedrops every evening.

Correct Answer: B,D

Rationale: Multiple pharmacies (
B) risk interactions, and three hypertension drugs (
D) increase polypharmacy risk. Warfarin tests (
A), allergies (
C), and eyedrops (E) don't contribute.

Extract:

Patient scratching with hives 2 hours after antibiotic, develops difficulty breathing and low blood pressure

Question 4 of 5

The nurse notes that the patient is scratching and has hives 2 hours after receiving a dose of antibiotic medication. The patient soon starts having difficulty breathing and his blood pressure drops. What is the correct analysis of the patient's condition?

A. The patient is having a mild reaction that can be treated easily with an antihistamine.B. The patient is experiencing a moderate allergic reaction and should improve shortly.C. The patient is having an anaphylactic reaction and emergency interventions should be started.D. These symptoms are probably due to food poisoning because very few patients have true allergic responses.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Hives, breathing difficulty, and hypotension indicate anaphylaxis (
C), requiring emergency action. Mild (
A) or moderate (
B) reactions lack severity, and food poisoning (
D) doesn't cause these symptoms.

Extract:

Patient with respiratory infection asking about antibiotic dosing intervals

Question 5 of 5

A patient with a respiratory infection asks the nurse why some antibiotics are prescribed to be given every 12 hours while others have to be taken 4 times per day. What is the nurse's best response?

A. Regular doses are given based on the half life of the medication to maintain a therapeutic effect'B. We try to give the next dose of medication only after the last dose is gone'C. The time between medication varies to fit the nurse's schedule'D. We need to vary the times of administration to keep the blood levels fluctuating'

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Dosing by half-life (
A) maintains therapeutic levels. Waiting for clearance (
B), nurse schedules (
C), or fluctuating levels (
D) are incorrect.

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