ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology safety Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse administers the wrong medication to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Check the client's vital signs. This should be done first to assess the immediate impact of the wrong medication on the client's health. Vital signs provide crucial information about the client's current condition and any potential adverse effects of the medication error. This step is essential for prompt identification of any complications and to guide subsequent actions.
Option A (Notify the charge nurse) can be done after checking vital signs to inform the appropriate personnel. Option B (Fill out an incident report) is important but not immediate. Option C (Document the client's condition) can be done after addressing the immediate concern of vital signs.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing a medication for a client and is converting grams to milligrams. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Move the decimal point 3 places to the right.
To convert grams to milligrams, you need to multiply by 1000 since 1 gram is equal to 1000 milligrams. Moving the decimal point 3 places to the right accomplishes this conversion.
Choices A, B, and D would lead to incorrect conversions because they do not align with the correct conversion factor of 1000.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for digoxin 0.25 mg PO daily. The amount available is digoxin 0.125 mg/tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose? (Round to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 2 tablets per dose.
To get the total dose of 0.25 mg, the nurse must administer 2 tablets of 0.125 mg each (0.125 mg + 0.125 mg = 0.25 mg). Choosing 1 tablet (
A) would result in an insufficient dose. Selecting 3 tablets (
C) or 4 tablets (
D) would exceed the prescribed dose.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client with bacterial conjunctivitis of the right eye, and a prescription for an antibiotic ophthalmic ointment. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Apply the ointment in a thin line into the conjunctival sac. This is correct because applying the ointment into the conjunctival sac ensures that the medication comes into direct contact with the affected area, promoting optimal absorption and effectiveness. Wiping from the outer to the inner canthus (
A) is incorrect as it can introduce debris and bacteria into the eye. Using a sterile glove and applicator (
B) is unnecessary and may lead to unnecessary waste. Keeping the eye open for 30 sec (
D) is not necessary for ointments, as blinking will distribute the medication.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for digoxin 0.25 mg PO daily for heart failure. The client's current vital signs are: BP 144/96, heart rate 54/min, respirations 18/min, and temperature 37° C (98.6° F). Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Withhold the digoxin dose for decreased heart rate. Digoxin is a cardiac glycoside that can cause bradycardia as a side effect, especially if taken at inappropriate doses. The client's heart rate is already low at 54/min, so administering digoxin could further decrease the heart rate and lead to serious complications like heart block or cardiac arrest. Withholding the digoxin dose in this situation is appropriate to ensure the client's safety.
Choice A is incorrect because elevated BP is not a contraindication for digoxin administration.
Choice C is incorrect because administering the full dose of digoxin when the heart rate is already low can be harmful.
Choice D is incorrect because administering a lower dose of digoxin may still lead to further bradycardia.