ATI LPN
ATI LPN Pharmacology safety Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse administered nitroglycerin sublingually to a client who has angina pectoris and experienced chest pain. The client states that his chest pain is relieved but now he has a headache. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because headache is a common side effect of nitroglycerin due to its vasodilatory effects. The nurse should educate the client that this side effect is expected and may diminish with continued use.
Choice B is incorrect because an allergic reaction would present with more severe symptoms beyond just a headache.
Choice C is incorrect as it does not address the physiological reason for the headache.
Choice D is incorrect as tolerance to nitroglycerin does not manifest as a headache.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse regarding sources of medication information. Which of the following resources should the nurse include as reliable references for the nurse to use to evaluate medication information? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D
Rationale: The correct answers are A, B, and D. Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR) is a comprehensive source of medication information vetted by healthcare professionals. Published journals provide evidence-based information on medications. Pharmacists are trained professionals who have in-depth knowledge of medications. Pharmaceutical sales representatives may have biased or promotional information, making them less reliable. Other choices are not as reliable due to potential conflicts of interest or lack of expertise.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse administers the wrong medication to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Check the client's vital signs. This should be done first to assess the immediate impact of the wrong medication on the client's health. Vital signs provide crucial information about the client's current condition and any potential adverse effects of the medication error. This step is essential for prompt identification of any complications and to guide subsequent actions.
Option A (Notify the charge nurse) can be done after checking vital signs to inform the appropriate personnel. Option B (Fill out an incident report) is important but not immediate. Option C (Document the client's condition) can be done after addressing the immediate concern of vital signs.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing a medication for a client and is converting grams to milligrams. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Move the decimal point 3 places to the right.
To convert grams to milligrams, you need to multiply by 1000 since 1 gram is equal to 1000 milligrams. Moving the decimal point 3 places to the right accomplishes this conversion.
Choices A, B, and D would lead to incorrect conversions because they do not align with the correct conversion factor of 1000.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for digoxin 0.25 mg PO daily. The amount available is digoxin 0.125 mg/tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose? (Round to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 2 tablets per dose.
To get the total dose of 0.25 mg, the nurse must administer 2 tablets of 0.125 mg each (0.125 mg + 0.125 mg = 0.25 mg). Choosing 1 tablet (
A) would result in an insufficient dose. Selecting 3 tablets (
C) or 4 tablets (
D) would exceed the prescribed dose.