ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse administered ketorolac 30 mg IM to a client who is postoperative. Which of the following information should the nurse document?
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale: The correct answer is A, C, D, and E.
A: The gauge and length of the needle are important to document to ensure proper administration and prevent complications.
C: Documenting the dose of medication administered is crucial for accurate record-keeping and monitoring for adverse effects.
D: Recording the site of injection is essential to track any local reactions or site-specific complications.
E: Documenting the time of administration is vital for ensuring the medication is given at the correct intervals and monitoring for any time-related effects.
Other choices are incorrect because:
B: The medication expiration date is not necessary to document in this situation as the focus is on the administration process and monitoring for effects.
Summary: Documenting the gauge and length of the needle, dose of medication, site of injection, and time of administration are key pieces of information to ensure proper administration and monitoring of ketorolac in a postoperative client.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a new prescription for amoxicillin. Which of the following findings indicates that the client is having an allergic reaction to the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Wheezing. Wheezing is indicative of an allergic reaction to amoxicillin, as it suggests bronchoconstriction and airway inflammation commonly seen in drug allergies. Bradycardia (
B) is not typically associated with allergic reactions. Polyuria (
C) is excessive urination and not a common symptom of drug allergies. Bruising (
D) is unrelated to an allergic reaction to amoxicillin.
Therefore, wheezing is the most relevant finding indicating an allergic reaction.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who has hypertension. The nurse should recognize that which of the following over-the-counter medications is contraindicated for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pseudoephedrine. Pseudoephedrine is a decongestant that can increase blood pressure, which can be detrimental to a client with hypertension. Docusate sodium (
A) is a stool softener and does not affect blood pressure. Omeprazole (
C) is a proton pump inhibitor used for acid-related conditions and does not impact blood pressure. Guaifenesin (
D) is an expectorant that does not affect blood pressure.
Therefore, the contraindicated medication for a client with hypertension is pseudoephedrine due to its potential to raise blood pressure.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from a client who is receiving vancomycin for a Clostridium difficile infection. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Creatinine 3.1 mg/dL. Elevated creatinine levels indicate potential kidney damage, which is a serious concern when a client is receiving vancomycin, a nephrotoxic medication. Acute kidney injury can occur as a complication of vancomycin therapy, leading to further health issues.
Therefore, it is crucial for the nurse to report this finding promptly to the provider for immediate intervention to prevent further kidney damage.
Choice A: Two loose stools are expected in a client with a Clostridium difficile infection, and it may not be the priority concern.
Choice B: WBC count of 11,000/mm³ is slightly elevated but not a priority over potential kidney damage.
Choice C: Heart rate of 104/min may be elevated due to infection or other factors, but it is not as critical as kidney function in this scenario.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client through an enteral feeding tube. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Flush the tube with normal saline following medication administration. Flushing the tube with normal saline after medication administration helps ensure that the medication is completely delivered into the stomach and prevents any residual medication from clogging the tube. This action also helps prevent any potential drug interactions or reactions that may occur if different medications are inadvertently mixed in the tube. Additionally, flushing the tube with normal saline helps maintain the patency of the tube and reduces the risk of infections.
Other choices are incorrect because:
A: Pinching the tube while connecting the syringe can lead to blockage and prevent proper medication administration.
B: Elevating the head of the client's bed to 10° is a good practice for preventing aspiration during feeding, but it is not directly related to administering medications through an enteral tube.
D: Combining crushed medications in a single syringe can lead to drug interactions or inconsistent dosing.