Correct Answer: B

Rationale: This stage typically involves initial diagnosis, treatment, and acute management of the illness or condition. It focuses on stabilizing the patient's health and addressing immediate medical needs. This stage follows the acute phase of illness and involves efforts to restore functioning, improve quality of life, and regain independence through therapies such as physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy. Returning to work is a significant milestone in this phase, indicating progress in functional recovery. This stage emphasizes maintaining health and preventing recurrence or complications once the acute phase and recovery are complete. It involves strategies such as regular check-ups, lifestyle modifications, and adherence to health-promoting behaviors. This stage typically refers to the closure of formal medical or rehabilitative services when the patient no longer requires ongoing professional intervention for the condition.

Correct Answer: C,D

Rationale: C. Hypochondriasis can strain interpersonal relationships due to excessive preoccupation with health concerns, frequent doctor visits, and seeking reassurance from others. D. Hypochondriasis often follows a chronic course with periods of intense anxiety about health alternating with periods of relative calm. Despite reassurances and negative medical tests, individuals with hypochondriasis may continue to worry about their health. A. Hypochondriasis typically develops in adulthood rather than childhood. It involves persistent anxiety about health and the interpretation of normal bodily sensations as signs of serious illness. Childhood is less commonly associated with the onset of hypochondriasis. B. While stress can exacerbate symptoms of hypochondriasis, it is not typically diagnosed immediately following a specific stressor. The disorder often develops gradually over time due to a combination of factors, including anxiety, personality traits, and past experiences with illness. E. There is no consistent evidence suggesting that exposure to serious illness in childhood predisposes individuals to hypochondriasis. The disorder is more associated with individual psychological factors, cognitive biases, and anxiety sensitivity rather than childhood illness exposure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: CNS stimulants are not typically used in the treatment of bulimia. They may increase anxiety and have abuse potential, which could exacerbate symptoms. While some anxiolytics may be prescribed for comorbid anxiety disorders often seen with bulimia nervosa, they are not the primary treatment for bulimia itself. Antidepressants, specifically selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), are commonly used in the treatment of bulimia nervosa. SSRIs such as fluoxetine (Prozac), sertraline (Zoloft), and others are FDA-approved for the treatment of bulimia nervosa due to their effectiveness in reducing binge eating episodes and helping to control the symptoms associated with the disorder.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Aspirin is not appropriate for treating serotonin syndrome. Monitoring the client's symptoms is important, but this action does not address the potential seriousness of the symptoms described. This is the correct priority action. Serotonin syndrome can be life-threatening if not promptly recognized and treated. The physician needs to be notified immediately so that appropriate actions can be taken to manage the client's symptoms and potentially adjust the medication regimen. Delaying notification could lead to worsening of symptoms and potential complications. Given the potential seriousness of serotonin syndrome, waiting until it's convenient is not appropriate. While headache, palpitations, and stiffness could potentially be side effects of antidepressant medication, the combination of these symptoms raises concern for serotonin syndrome, which requires immediate medical attention rather than reassurance alone.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Dissociative amnesia is characterized by significant memory loss that cannot be explained by ordinary forgetfulness. If a client experiences sudden travel and cannot remember how they arrived at a distant location, it could indicate dissociative amnesia. Hospitalization is not absolutely necessary. Dissociative disorders are primarily treated with psychotherapy rather than medication adjustments. However, if medication adjustments are necessary for co-occurring conditions or to manage symptoms like anxiety or depression, hospitalization is not necessary. Monitoring of identities is typically done on an outpatient basis, unless there are additional complications or risks identified by a healthcare professional. Dissociative disorders, particularly post-traumatic stress disorder (PTS
D) and acute stress disorder, can involve the reliving of traumatic events through flashbacks, nightmares, or intrusive memories. Hospitalization may be required if the client experiences severe distress, is at risk of self-harm or harm to others during flashbacks.