ATI LPN
LPN Pharmacology Texas University Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client who wants to quit smoking has a new prescription for varenicline [Chantix]. The nurse will instruct the client to notify the provider immediately with which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Mood swings, depression, or suicidal ideation. Varenicline is a medication used to help people quit smoking by reducing the pleasure associated with nicotine. It can sometimes lead to changes in mood, including depression and even suicidal thoughts.
Therefore, it is crucial for the client to notify the provider immediately if they experience any mood swings, depression, or thoughts of suicide while taking varenicline. This is because these symptoms can be serious and require prompt medical attention to ensure the client's safety.
Choices A, B, and C are common side effects of varenicline but are not typically considered urgent enough to warrant immediate notification of the provider.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is preparing instructions for a client with a new prescription for colesevelam [Welchol]. Which of the following will the nurse include in medication teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Take at least 4 hours after other medications. Colesevelam is a bile acid sequestrant used to lower cholesterol. It can bind to other medications and interfere with their absorption. Taking it at least 4 hours after other medications ensures proper absorption of both drugs.
Choice A is incorrect because diarrhea is not a common side effect of colesevelam.
Choice B is incorrect because colesevelam should not be taken with a multivitamin as it can interfere with its absorption.
Choice C is incorrect because the dosage of colesevelam should not be repeated every 2 to 4 hours, as it is usually taken once or twice daily with meals.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer enoxaparin (Lovenox) to a client before hip replacement surgery. Which of the following conditions would prevent the nurse from administering this drug?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bleeding disorder. Enoxaparin is an anticoagulant that can increase the risk of bleeding. Administering it to a client with a bleeding disorder could exacerbate their condition and lead to severe bleeding complications. Deep Vein Thrombosis (
A), Pulmonary Embolism (
D), and a Heart Rate of 60 (
C) are not contraindications for administering enoxaparin before hip replacement surgery. Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism are actually conditions for which enoxaparin is commonly used as a preventative measure. A heart rate of 60 is within normal range and would not prevent the administration of enoxaparin.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is administering the first dose of hydralazine to an older adult. The nurse should place the client on which of the following precautions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fall precautions. Hydralazine can cause orthostatic hypotension, especially in older adults, leading to an increased risk of falls. Placing the client on fall precautions involves ensuring a safe environment, using assistive devices, and implementing measures to prevent falls. Airborne precautions (
A) are for diseases transmitted through droplet nuclei, suicide precautions (
C) are for clients at risk of self-harm, and standard precautions (
D) are used for all clients to prevent the transmission of infections.
Question 5 of 5
A patient has been brought to the emergency department by ambulance experiencing blood pressure 200/130 mmHg with chest pain. The nurse anticipates which of the following medications for immediate treatment of hypertension
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: The correct medications for immediate treatment of hypertension in this scenario are Nitroprusside, Labetalol, and Nitroglycerin. Nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator that rapidly reduces blood pressure. Labetalol is a combined alpha and beta blocker, effective for hypertensive emergencies. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator that helps reduce chest pain by dilating coronary arteries.
Heparin (
B) is an anticoagulant and not indicated for immediate blood pressure reduction. Digoxin (E) is used for heart failure and arrhythmias, not for acute hypertension.