ATI LPN
LPN ATI Fundamental Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client who has advanced cancer tells the nurse that they have a difficult time talking to anyone about the illness. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to encourage therapeutic communication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Keep the conversation moving by asking about the client’s family: While engaging the client in conversation is important, this statement does not specifically address the client’s difficulty in talking about their illness. Let the client know that as their nurse, they are available and willing to listen: Correct. This response demonstrates the nurse’s willingness to provide emotional support and active listening. Encouraging the client to express their feelings and concerns about their illness is essential in promoting therapeutic communication. Ask if the client understands what to expect in the advanced stages of the illness: While discussing the client’s understanding of their illness is essential, it does not directly address their difficulty in talking to others about it. Ask the client’s visitors not to say anything about the advanced disease: This response may hinder communication and restrict the client’s opportunity to talk about their feelings and concerns with supportive visitors.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client who has active tuberculosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Restrict the client’s visitors to the immediate family: While tuberculosis is a communicable disease, restricting visitors to the immediate family is not a standard precautionary measure. Visitors should be educated about infection control measures and individuals with active tuberculosis may need to wear masks in certain situations. Assign the client to a negative pressure airflow room: Correct. Clients with active tuberculosis should be placed in a negative pressure airflow room to prevent the spread of infectious airborne particles to other areas of the facility. Negative pressure ensures that air from the room does not flow to other parts of the facility. Discard personal protective equipment outside the client’s room: Personal protective equipment (PPE) should be removed and discarded according to facility policy, which often includes removing PPE inside the client’s room and properly disposing of it afterward. The nurse should follow standard precautions for infection control. Have the client wear a HEPA mask during transportation throughout the facility: While wearing a HEPA mask may be necessary for clients with tuberculosis, it is not related to the initial admission process. Clients with active tuberculosis may be asked to wear a HEPA mask during transportation when they need to leave their negative pressure room.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing preoperative teaching with a client about how to turn, cough, and deep breathe. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This can help prevent nausea.' Turning, coughing, and deep breathing exercises are not primarily aimed at preventing nausea. These exercises are designed to maintain lung function and prevent respiratory complications. 'This can help prevent pneumonia.' Correct. Turning, coughing, and deep breathing exercises are essential postoperative activities that help prevent the development of pneumonia by promoting lung expansion, clearing mucus, and preventing atelectasis. 'I should do this every 4 hours.' The frequency of turning, coughing, and deep breathing exercises may vary based on individual client needs and surgical procedures. This statement does not demonstrate a specific understanding of the appropriate timing for these exercises. 'I should do this to keep my heart from beating too fast.' Turning, coughing, and deep breathing exercises are not directly related to heart rate regulation. They are focused on lung expansion and airway clearance.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer enteral feeding to a client who has an NG tube in place. Which of the following methods should the nurse use to verify the correct placement of the NG tube?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Correct. Checking the pH of the gastric aspirate is the most reliable method to verify the correct placement of the NG tube. Gastric aspirate typically has an acidic pH (pH < 5), indicating that the tube is in the stomach. Observing the color of the gastric aspirate after adding blue dye to the formula is not a standard or recommended method for verifying NG tube placement. Auscultating over the epigastrium may help to identify the presence of air in the stomach, but it does not confirm that the NG tube is correctly placed in the stomach or the intestines. Measuring the length of the inserted NG tube can help determine the distance from the nose to the stomach, but it does not ensure correct placement in the stomach.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client who has brought their medications to the facility. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Allowing the client to continue taking medications as they did at home without verifying the prescriptions can be unsafe and is not within the scope of nursing practice. Taking the medications from the client and discarding them is inappropriate. The nurse should not dispose of the client's medications without proper assessment and verification. Correct. The nurse should compare the medications the provider has prescribed with the medications the client brought from home to ensure accuracy and safety. This is a crucial step during admission to prevent errors or omissions in the medication regimen. Placing the medications in the medication cart and administering them without verification is unsafe and against best practices for medication administration.