ATI LPN
ATI LPN UT1 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A charge nurse is providing an in-service to a group of nurses about hypomagnesemia. Which of the following should the charge nurse include as risk factors for this condition? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: A: Gastric bypass surgery can lead to decreased absorption of nutrients, including magnesium. B: Renal failure can impair magnesium regulation. D: ICU patients are at risk due to critical illness and medications. E: Hemodialysis can cause magnesium loss.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following assessment findings is a possible cause for this condition? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale: C: Vomiting leads to loss of stomach acid, causing metabolic alkalosis. D: Excessive antacid use neutralizes stomach acid, increasing blood pH.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse at a long-term care facility is reinforcing teaching with a newly hired nurse about the care of clients who are receiving mechanical ventilation. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed to 30-45° reduces the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia by preventing aspiration.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following is the most common risk factor for emphysema?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Tobacco smoking is the most common risk factor for emphysema. Smoking leads to chronic inflammation and damage to the alveoli.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and is short of breath. When reviewing the client's arterial blood gases (ABGs), which of the following conditions should the nurse anticipate the client to be experiencing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: COPD impairs gas exchange, leading to CO2 accumulation and respiratory acidosis.