ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A charge nurse is evaluating a newly licensed nurse caring for a client who is using a PCA device. Which of the following actions by the nurse requires intervention by the charge nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Appropriate monitoring to prevent oversedation is a correct action. Administering the PCA dose is a correct action, provided it is done according to the prescribed parameters. Ensuring the client can use the PCA device correctly is a correct action. Reassuring the client that the PCA device will not cause an overdose is appropriate because PCA devices are designed with safety measures to prevent overdosing. [Generated rationale: The nurse administering a PCA dose directly is incorrect because PCA (Patient-Controlled Analgesia) devices are designed for the patient to self-administer doses within safe limits. The nurse should not bypass this mechanism unless specifically ordered, as it undermines the safety features of PCA therapy.]
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has angina and a new prescription for nitroglycerin ointment. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This helps to enhance absorption and prevent the ointment from being rubbed off onto clothing. The ointment should not be massaged, as this can alter absorption and effectiveness. The prescribed dose and area for nitroglycerin ointment application should be specific to the individual's prescription; a larger area is not necessary. A thin layer is recommended to ensure accurate dosing and absorption.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who started taking amitriptyline 6 days ago. The client reports that the medication is not helping. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: It is premature to change medications after only 6 days, as antidepressants may take several weeks to show therapeutic effects. Dose adjustments should be done cautiously, and waiting for the full therapeutic effect is important before making changes. Administration instructions do not significantly impact the speed of therapeutic effects. This is the correct answer because amitriptyline is a tricyclic antidepressant that takes 2 to 4 weeks to reach its full effect.
Question 4 of 5
A charge nurse is evaluating a newly licensed nurse caring for a client who is using a PCA device. Which of the following actions by the nurse requires intervention by the charge nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Appropriate monitoring to prevent oversedation is a correct action. Administering the PCA dose is a correct action, provided it is done according to the prescribed parameters. Ensuring the client can use the PCA device correctly is a correct action. Reassuring the client that the PCA device will not cause an overdose is appropriate because PCA devices are designed with safety measures to prevent overdosing. [Generated rationale: The nurse administering a PCA dose directly is incorrect because PCA (Patient-Controlled Analgesia) devices are designed for the patient to self-administer doses within safe limits. The nurse should not bypass this mechanism unless specifically ordered, as it undermines the safety features of PCA therapy.]
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is administering spironolactone at 0800 to a client who has heart failure. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Spironolactone is not associated with hypophosphatemia. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, and hyperkalemia is a potential adverse effect due to reduced potassium excretion. Spironolactone is not associated with hypocalcemia. Spironolactone is not associated with hypernatremia; rather, it promotes sodium excretion.