ATI LPN
Lpn pharmacology I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A patient is scheduled for a diagnostic test the following day and to be kept NPO (nothing by mouth) after midnight. What is the best nursing action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Remove the patient's water pitcher at the bedside shortly before midnight. This action ensures that the patient adheres to the NPO status after midnight, as any water intake can affect the results of the diagnostic test. By removing the water pitcher, the nurse helps prevent the patient from inadvertently drinking water.
Choice A is incorrect because intravenous fluids are not automatically needed for all patients scheduled for diagnostic tests requiring NPO status.
Choice B is incorrect as increasing fluid intake before midnight goes against the NPO instructions.
Choice D is incorrect as this is not a STAT order, but rather a standard pre-test instruction.
Question 2 of 5
Antagonist medications typically are considered?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: blocking agents. Antagonist medications work by blocking specific receptors or pathways in the body to inhibit the effects of certain substances. This action opposes the activity of agonist medications, which activate receptors.
Choice B, palliative care medications, focuses on symptom management in serious illnesses.
Choice C, diagnostic medications, are used to identify diseases or conditions.
Choice D, synergistic medications, enhance the effects of other drugs. Antagonist medications do not necessarily work in synergy with other drugs.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse has received a verbal STAT order for a critical care patient from the health-care provider at 11:30 a.m. and is preparing to administer the medication. Which is the priority nursing action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer the medication now. In a critical care situation, STAT orders require immediate action to ensure patient safety and timely treatment. Waiting or delaying administration could jeopardize the patient's condition. Verifying the order with the pharmacist (choice
A) or waiting for the information to be updated (choice
B) could lead to unnecessary delays. Scheduling the medication for later (choice
C) is not appropriate for a STAT order. Administering the medication promptly is crucial in critical care settings to address the patient's urgent needs.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a patient. Which routes should the nurse anticipate as leading to quicker systemic absorption?
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: The correct answers are A (Intramuscular) and B (Intravenous). Intramuscular injection delivers medication into muscle tissue, allowing for quicker absorption compared to oral pills (E) or topically (
C). Intravenous administration directly enters the bloodstream, resulting in the fastest systemic absorption. Transdermal (
D) and topical (
C) routes have slower absorption rates as the medication needs to pass through skin layers. Oral pills (E) undergo digestion and metabolism before reaching systemic circulation.
Question 5 of 5
Based on the classification system of pharmacodynamics, which category statements are accurate?
Correct Answer: A,C,D
Rationale: A: Replacement medications provide needed physiological components - This statement is accurate because replacement medications are used to supplement or replace deficient or missing physiological components in the body, helping to restore normal function.
C: Palliative therapy provides pain relief - Palliative therapy aims to provide relief from symptoms such as pain, without curing the underlying condition. It focuses on improving quality of life and managing symptoms.
D: Diagnostic drugs help to identify pathological processes - Diagnostic drugs are used to aid in the diagnosis of diseases or conditions by helping to identify specific pathological processes or biomarkers, thereby guiding treatment decisions.
These choices are correct based on the classification system of pharmacodynamics. The other choices are incorrect because destructive medications are not always curative, prophylactic medications are preventive rather than curative, and the statement in choice E is inaccurate.