ATI LPN
ATI PN Pharmacology 2020 Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer gentamicin to a child who weighs 44 lb. The provider prescribes 6 mg/kg/day IV to be administered in three equal doses. Available is gentamicin 40 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer with each dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale:
To answer this question, the nurse needs to perform the following steps: Convert the child's weight from pounds to kilograms by dividing 44 by 2.2. The result is 20 kg. Calculate the total daily dose of gentamicin by multiplying 6 mg/kg by 20 kg. The result is 120 mg/day. Divide the total daily dose by three to get the dose for each administration. The result is 40 mg/dose. Calculate the volume of gentamicin to be administered by dividing 40 mg by 40 mg/mL. The result is 1 mL/dose.
Therefore, the nurse should administer 1 mL of gentamicin with each dose.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has been taking epoetin alfa for 3 months. Which of the following laboratory tests should the nurse monitor to determine the effectiveness of the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: T4 is a thyroid hormone, and monitoring it is not relevant for assessing the effectiveness of epoetin alfa. Troponin is a marker for cardiac injury and is not relevant for assessing the effectiveness of epoetin alfa. Epoetin alfa stimulates the production of red blood cells, so monitoring hemoglobin levels is crucial to assess its effectiveness. AST is a liver enzyme and is not relevant for assessing the effectiveness of epoetin alfa.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a client who received naloxone to counteract the effects of an opioid overdose. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Naloxone administration may lead to an increase in blood pressure, not a decrease. While pain relief might occur, the primary goal of naloxone is to reverse respiratory depression, not to relieve pain. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that reverses opioid-induced respiratory depression, so an increased respiratory rate indicates its effectiveness. Naloxone does not typically affect body temperature in a significant way.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is to start therapy with insulin lispro and insulin glargine. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Insulin lispro is a rapid-acting insulin that should be taken just before a meal to cover postprandial glucose excursions. Insulin lispro and insulin glargine should not be mixed in the same syringe, as they have different onset and duration of action. Insulin vials should not be shaken, as this can lead to clumping and affect the insulin's effectiveness. Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin and is typically given once a day.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medication list of a client who has a new prescription for tetracycline. The nurse should instruct the client to take which of the following medications 3 hr before or after taking the tetracycline?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: No specific timing restrictions with tetracycline. Tetracycline absorption is reduced when taken with antacids, so they should be taken 3 hours before or after tetracycline. No specific timing restrictions with tetracycline. No specific timing restrictions with tetracycline.