ATI LPN
ATI LPN UT1 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Which of the following best describes the primary physiological role of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) in the regulation of cardiovascular function?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: BNP decreases blood pressure by causing vasodilation and promoting the excretion of sodium and water, which reduces blood volume and, consequently, lowers the blood pressure. This is its primary role in cardiovascular regulation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has asthma and allergies. The client asks the nurse about environmental influences they should avoid. The nurse should inform the client to avoid which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Mold is a well-known allergen that can exacerbate asthma symptoms. Mold spores, which are often found in damp environments, can cause significant respiratory issues and should be avoided by individuals with asthma and allergies.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data for a client who has acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: ARDS involves decreased pulmonary compliance due to the stiffness of the lungs, which results from diffuse alveolar damage and the formation of hyaline membranes. This stiffness makes it difficult for the lungs to expand.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing discharge instructions for a client who has asthma and is about to start using beclomethasone MDI. For which of the following findings should the nurse instruct the client to monitor and report to the provider as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A white coating in the mouth may indicate oral thrush, a fungal infection caused by Candida species, which is a known adverse effect of inhaled corticosteroids like beclomethasone.
Question 5 of 5
A charge nurse is reinforcing teaching to a group of nurses about hydrostatic pressure. Which of the following should the nurse include as a contributor to hydrostatic pressure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hydrostatic pressure is primarily generated by the force of the heart's contraction, which pushes blood through the arteries and capillaries.