NCLEX-PN
Pharmacology Questions NCLEX Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer phenytoin (Dilantin), 100 mg intravenous push, to the client with a head injury who has an IV of D5W at 50 mL/hr. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phenytoin is incompatible with D5W; saline flush prevents precipitation. Level of 22 mcg/mL is toxic, slow push is correct but not primary, and cloudiness is avoidable.
Question 2 of 5
Penicillin V potassium (Pen-Vee-K) 500 mg PO qid is ordered for an adult client. He reports that he took penicillin for the first time two months ago. What should the nurse do?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The client does not have a history of allergic response to penicillin, so there is no need to skin test or withhold the medication. However, allergic responses often occur after the first administration.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer phenytoin (Dilantin), 100 mg intravenous push, to the client with a head injury who has an IV of D5W at 50 mL/hr. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phenytoin is incompatible with D5W; saline flush prevents precipitation. Level of 22 mcg/mL is toxic, slow push is correct but not primary, and cloudiness is avoidable.
Question 4 of 5
The client in end-stage renal disease is a Jehovah's Witness. The HCP orders erythropoietin (Epogen), a biologic response modifier, subcutaneously for anemia. Which action should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Epogen is synthetic, not blood-derived, so it’s acceptable for Jehovah’s Witnesses. Administer as ordered; questioning, minister consultation, or consent are unnecessary.
Question 5 of 5
You are caring for a hypertensive client with a new order for captopril (Capoten). Which information should the nurse include in client teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Avoid the use of salt substitutes. Captopril can cause an accumulation of potassium or hyperkalemia. Clients should avoid the use of salt substitutes, which are generally potassium-based.