NCLEX-PN
NCLEX PN 2023 Quizlet Questions
Question 1 of 5
Teaching about the need to avoid foods high in potassium is most important for which client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Clients with renal disease are predisposed to hyperkalemia and should avoid foods high in potassium. High potassium levels can further burden the kidneys and worsen the condition.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because clients receiving diuretic therapy, with an ileostomy, or with metabolic alkalosis are at risk for hypokalemia, which is low potassium levels.
Therefore, these clients should actually be encouraged to eat foods high in potassium to maintain adequate levels and prevent complications associated with hypokalemia.
Question 2 of 5
Nursing care for a client undergoing chemotherapy includes assessment for signs of bone marrow depression. Which finding accounts for some of the symptoms related to bone marrow depression?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Thrombocytopenia is an abnormal decrease in the number of platelets, which results in bleeding tendencies. During chemotherapy, bone marrow depression can lead to a reduction in platelet production, causing thrombocytopenia. Erythrocytosis is an abnormal increase in red blood cells, leukocytosis is an increase in white blood cells, and polycythemia is an excess of red blood cells, which is synonymous with erythrocytosis. In the context of chemotherapy, the focus is on the decrease in red and white blood cells, making thrombocytopenia the most relevant finding.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following is an inappropriate item to include in planning care for a severely neutropenic client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Transfusing neutrophils (granulocytes) to prevent infection is inappropriate in the care of a severely neutropenic client. Neutrophils normally comprise 70% of all white blood cells and can be beneficial in a selected population of infected, severely granulocytopenic clients (less than 500/mm3) who do not respond to antibiotic therapy and who are expected to experience prolonged suppression of granulocyte production.
Therefore, transfusing neutrophils is not a standard practice in caring for neutropenic clients. The other choices are appropriate in caring for a severely neutropenic client: excluding raw vegetables from the diet to reduce the risk of infections from potential pathogens, avoiding administering rectal suppositories to prevent any injury or infection due to mucosal damage, and prohibiting vases of fresh flowers and plants in the client's room to minimize the risk of exposure to environmental pathogens.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following organs of the digestive system has a primary function of absorption?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The small intestine is the correct answer. It is the primary organ responsible for absorption in the digestive system. The stomach's primary function is to break down food through mechanical and chemical digestion. The pancreas produces digestive enzymes to aid in the breakdown of food. The gallbladder stores bile produced by the liver, which helps in the digestion of fats. However, neither the stomach, pancreas, nor gallbladder play the primary role of absorption in the digestive process, making them incorrect choices.
Question 5 of 5
When teaching about preventable diseases, the importance of getting the following vaccines should be emphasized:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vaccines are crucial in preventing communicable diseases. Smallpox has been eradicated globally, so its vaccine is no longer used. Polio, pertussis, and measles are diseases that are controlled by routine childhood immunization. While smallpox has been eradicated, these diseases still exist, making it essential for children to be vaccinated against them.
Choices A, B, and C include diseases that are not prevented by vaccination or are not related to routine immunizations, making them incorrect choices.