NCLEX-PN
Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
The nurse teaches the client who has lesions that have not healed and are recurring about the newly prescribed medication ganciclovir. The nurse should document that teaching about ganciclovir was completed for the client with which illustrated condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A: Client A has vitiligo, a skin disorder characterized by the patchy loss of skin pigment. Vitiligo is treated with topical steroids. B: Client B has dried herpes simplex, usually treated with the antiviral medication acyclovir. C: Client C has keloids (hypertrophic scarring), which usually are not treated with medication. D: Ganciclovir (Cytovene) is an antiviral medication used in the treatment of recurrent genital herpes.
Question 2 of 5
The adolescent, who is receiving morphine sulfate via PCA, has itching. Which medication listed on the client's MAR should the nurse plan to administer to relieve the itching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A: Diazepam (Valium) acts on the CNS to produce sedation, hypnosis, skeletal muscle relaxation, and anticonvulsant activity. B: Diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is an antihistamine that blocks histamine release by competing for the histamine receptors. C: Naloxone (Narcan) is a narcotic antagonist that reverses the effects of opiates. D: Butenafine (Mentax) is an antifungal antibiotic used to treat tinea pedis, tinea corporis, and tinea cruris.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assessing the newborn's respirations. Which of these findings would indicate a need for follow-up and further intervention?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The respirations in a newborn are usually irregular, abdominal, and shallow. However, the ideal respiratory rate in a newborn is 30-60 breaths per minute. A respiratory rate of 70 breaths per minute indicates tachypnea and may require intervention. The other answer choices do not necessarily indicate the need for follow-up.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old client. What is the most appropriate pain scale for the nurse to use during the assessment?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The Wong-Baker Pain Scale uses faces to identify the level of pain. Children over the age of 3 should use this scale to articulate their subjective feeling of pain as opposed to objective measures using the CRIES or FLACC Pain Scales. The McGill Pain Scale uses many words to characterize pain and is more appropriate for adult clients.
Question 5 of 5
The client with tonsillar cancer is receiving filgrastim. Prior to administering the next dose of filgrastim, the nurse notes that the client's absolute neutrophil count is 11,000/mm3. What is the nurse's best action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A: Unnecessary doses can cause leukocytosis (WBCs above 100,000/mm3), an adverse effect of filgrastim. B: A normal neutrophil count is greater than 2000/mm3. Neutropenic precautions and protective wear are unnecessary because the filgrastim has been effective in increasing the neutrophil count. C: Filgrastim (Neupogen) is a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor for treatment of neutropenia. Filgrastim is usually discontinued when the absolute neutrophil count reaches 10,000/mm3. D: A high-efficiency particulate air (HEP
A) or N95 mask rather than a regular mask should be worn if the client is severely neutropenic (less than 100/mm3).