NCLEX-PN
Pharmacology Questions NCLEX Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
The nurse is administering the following 1800 medications. Which medication should the nurse question before administering?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Metformin must be held before contrast dye due to lactic acidosis risk if renal function is impaired; other medications are appropriate.
Question 2 of 5
The male client comes to the emergency department and reports he stepped on a rusty nail at home about two (2) hours ago. Which question would be most important for the nurse to ask during the admission assessment?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tetanus risk is high with puncture wounds; knowing the last tetanus shot guides prophylaxis, the priority per CDC guidelines.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is preparing to administer phenytoin (Dilantin), 100 mg intravenous push, to the client with a head injury who has an IV of D5W at 50 mL/hr. Which intervention should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Phenytoin is incompatible with D5W; saline flush prevents precipitation. Level of 22 mcg/mL is toxic, slow push is correct but not primary, and cloudiness is avoidable.
Question 4 of 5
The 38-year-old client with chronic asthma is prescribed a leukotriene receptor antagonist. Which is the scientific rationale for administering this medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Leukotriene receptor antagonists (e.g., montelukast) are prophylactic, reducing inflammation to control asthma. They don’t cure, stabilize mast cells, or directly dilate bronchioles.
Question 5 of 5
The HCP ordered an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor for the client diagnosed with a myocardial infarction. Which statement best explains the rationale for administering this medication to this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: ACE inhibitors reduce afterload and prevent ventricular remodeling, lowering CHF risk post-MI, per ACC/AHA guidelines. BP, contractility, or atherosclerosis are secondary.