Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies NCLEX

Question 1 of 5

When assessing a client with early impairment of oxygen perfusion, such as pulmonary embolus, the nurse should expect to find restlessness and which of the following symptoms?

A. warm, dry skinB. bradycardiaC. tachycardiaD. eupnea

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The cardinal signs of respiratory problems and hypoxia are restlessness, diaphoresis, tachycardia, and cool skin. Bradycardia might occur much later in the process when the condition is severe. Eupnea is normal respirations in rate and depth.

Question 2 of 5

Clients who take iron preparations should be warned of the possible side effects, which might include:

A. dizziness and orthostatic hypotensionB. nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation, and stomach crampsC. drowsiness, lethargy, and fatigueD. neuropathy and tingling in the extremities

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Iron supplements commonly cause gastrointestinal side effects like nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, and stomach cramps, requiring client education.

Question 3 of 5

When teaching a client about anti-retroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the PN should emphasize:

A. When started, therapy must not be interrupted to prevent viral resistanceB. When started, therapy must not be interrupted to prevent opportunistic infectionC. Therapy should be interrupted for one day each month to prevent toxicityD. Therapy should be interrupted for one week every three months to prevent toxicity

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: HIV mutates very rapidly, and any interruption of therapy can allow viral resistance to emerge - even taking a dose late.
Choice B is incorrect because, when the virus is kept in check with anti-retrovirals, the client's own immune system is able to keep opportunistic infections at bay.

Choices C and D are incorrect because therapy should not be interrupted for any reason. If the client develops toxicity, another anti-retroviral drug might be prescribed.

Question 4 of 5

A nurse is working in a pediatric clinic and a 25 year-old mother comes in with a 4 week-old baby. The mother is stressed out about loss of sleep and the baby exhibits signs of colic. Which of the following techniques should the nurse teach the mother?

A. Distraction of the infant with a red objectB. Prone positioning techniquesC. Tapping reflex techniquesD. Neural warmth techniques

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Neural warmth will help to lower the baby's agitation level, soothing the colic symptoms.

Question 5 of 5

A client newly diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus needs education. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in this education?

A. You can eat anything you want, but no foods with sugar.'B. You need to lose weight, so your diet must be a restricted one.'C. You need a diet and exercise program.'D. You must eliminate all salt, fat, and sugar from your diet.'

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: A balanced diet and exercise program are essential for managing diabetes, promoting glycemic control and overall health without extreme restrictions.

Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies NCLEX | Nurselytic

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